Acute alcohol Flashcards
Methanol properties
toxic
present in anti freeze
metabolised to formaldehyde then formic acid
depressant
What is the treatment for methanol poisoning
ethanol +- dialysis
ethanol antagonises to stop formic acid formation
What is the recommended alcohol intake per week
14 units a week for men and women
ideally spread over 3 days
Should you drink on an empty stomach
No
Alcohol has limited absorption in the stomach, it is mainly in the duodenum
What happens to alcohol on a full stomach
alcohol stays in the stomach longer because of delayed gastric emptying
What drugs increase gastric emptying
anti histamines and metaclopramide
Aerated drinks are absorbed faster, true or false?
true
Do women have a lower alcohol tolerance
Yes,
they have more % subcutaneous fat and less alcohol dehydrogenase
Men have ^ lean body mass
Alcohol –> acetaldehyde –> acetate –> CO2 + H2O
alcohol dehydrogenase
aldehyde dehydrogenase
where does alcohol metabolism occur
liver
pancreas and brain
All ethnic groups can cope with alcohol, true or false
False, certain ethnic groups have low levels of alcohol dehydrogenase e.g. aborigines, inuit
What chemical causes the hangover symptoms
Acetaldehyde - toxin and carcinogen
What biochemical effects does alcohol have on metabolism
- reduces hepatic gluconeogenesis - hypoglycaemia
- increase lipid synthesis - fatter
- Krebs cycle inhibition - anaerobic metabolism
What is alcoholic ketoacidosis
associated with the malnourished state and ^ alcohol intake
there is low/normal glucose and high ketones
Alcohol is a CNS depressant, tre or false
true, it increases GABA levels which inhibits neurotransmission
