Acupuncture theory Flashcards
Acupuncture dates back…
4000years
Acupuncture systemised
2nd century BC or 2000 years ago
Jīng (经) runs….. and includes:
Channel vertical or north/south pathways 12 regular pathways 8 extra meridians
Luò (络) runs …. and includes…..
Collaterals the horizontal or east/west pathways 15 Luo-connecting 12 Divergent. Runs superficially
meridian system component
Meridians: 12 regular, 8 extra
Collaterals: 15 Luo-connecting, 12 Divergents
12 muscle region
12 cutaneous regions
Levels of meridians
General Functions of meridians
- Carry Qi, blood, body fluids; nourish organs & tissues
- Communication between different areas of body and Zang Fu
- Transmit disease
- Transmit acupuncture and moxibustion stimulation
- Regulate functional balance
- Responds to dysfunction / disease of the body
- Serve as a guide to diagnosis and treatment eg: Headache.
tài yáng
greater yang
supreme yang
received the most sun
Posterior lateral
Big Yang
shǎo yáng
lesser yang
middle yang
medial and dorsal
yáng míng
Sunlight Yang
Yang Brightness
Small yang
anterolateral
inner part and back of the body,
tài yīn
greater yin
supreme yin
Most shaded
anteromedial surface
shǎo yīn
lesser yin
Lesser shade
middle yin
anteromedial surface
jué yīn
terminal yin
absolute yin/reverting yin
Middle yin
Medial plane
relationship between regular meridians
- Tai Yin – Yang Ming
- Jue Yin – Shao Yang
- Shao Yin – Tai Yang
Tai Yang organs
Hand - Small Intestine
Foot - Urinary Bladder
Shao Yang organs
Hand -San Jiao
Foot- Gall Bladder
Yang Ming
Hand - Large Intestine
Foot - Stomach
Tai Yin
Hand -Lung
Foot - Spleen
Shao Yin
Hand -Heart
Foot - Kidney
Jue Yin
Hand - Pericardium
Foot - Liver
Describe the flow of energy through meridians
Which Extra Meridians pertain or communicate with zang/fu
None
Which extra meridians have own points
Du and Ren
Functions of extra meridians
Control, join, regulate Qi & blood
– Further strengthens the connection of the 12 regular meridians – as a reservoir excess Qi & blood – protects the body (particularly yuan qi)
Define confluent points
Points that connect 8 extra meridians and 12 main channels
Dumai meridian
Yang Meridians
Renmai
Yin meridians
Chongmai
Vital pass, all meridians
Daimai Meridian
Connect all meridians
Yangqiaomai
Functional, eyes, insomnia
Yinqiaomai
Functional, eyes, somnolence
Yangweimai:
Harmonise yang meridians and body
• Yinweimai
Harmonise Yin meridians and body
Name the five zang organs
Yin organs
- the heart (including the pericardium),
- lung,
- spleen,
- liver,
- kidney.
Name the fǔ (腑)
yang organs – Small Intestine, Large Intestine, Gall Bladder, Urinary Bladder, Stomach and Sānjiaō.
Divergents of Yin meridian connect with….
interiorly-exteriorly related yang meridian
Functions of Divergent Meridians
- Strengthen internal / external relationship
- Distribute Qi & blood to head & face \
- Integrate areas of the body
Divergent Meridians branch out from….
main meridians
T or F
Divergent Meridians run deeper than collaterrals
True
Do Divergent Meridians have their own points
No
Divergents of to Yang meridians enter the….
Zangfu organs to which the yang meridian pertains
•Divergent Yang meridians emerge…..
emerge at the neck joining their related primary channel
Divergent Yin Meridians emerge
emerge to Yang
Divergent meridians for …. unions (confluence)
6
Divergent meridians surface at
supraclavicular fossa/neck/face
Collateral points
• Branch out from 12 main meridians, Du Ren & great luo of the SP
describe location of secondary channels
2 sources of qi
What are the 2 fires in the body
Function of storing blood
LU → LI
SP St
HT → Si
KI UB
PC → SJ
LI GB
Arrows snake
Collaterals strengthen
nternal / external relationship
How many collaterals
15
Collaterals have …. points
Luo
Number of cutaneous regions
12
Functions of muscle tendino, sinew
Qi of regular meridians gathers at muscle, tendons and joints
Nourish muscles Connects all bones/joints/tendons/ligaments –
Maintain normal function –
Do not connect with zang fu directly
Fx of cutaneous regions
- reflect functional activities of 12 meridians
S+S internal disease
outer layer-protect and transmission of diseases
Functions of collaterals
Transfer Qi and blood from meridian to body
Protect from pathogenic factors
What part of meridian system explain sensation and pathological changes to treatment
Collaterals
Origin of Hand-Taiyin – LU
Middle Jiao
Termination of Hand-Taiyin – LU
Radial side of the tip of the thumb (Lu 11)
Origin of Hand-Yangming – LI
Radial side of middle finger
Terminationof Hand-Yangming – LI
Ala nasi of the nose (LI20)
Origin of Foot-Yangming – ST
Ala nasi of the nose
Termination of Foot-Yangming – ST
Lateral side of the tip of the 2nd toe (ST45)
Origin of Foot-Taiyin – SP
Great toe (SP1)
Termination of Foot-Taiyin – SP
Tongue
Origin of Hand-Shaoyin – HT
Heart
Termination of Hand-Shaoyin – HT
Radial little finger (Ht9)
Origin of Hand-Taiyang – SI
Ulnar side of the little finger (SI1)
Termination of Hand-Taiyang – SI
Inner canthus Bl1
Origin of Foot-Taiyang – UB
Inner canthus (BL1)
Termination of Foot-Taiyang – UB
Lateral side of the small toe (BL67)
Origin of Foot-Shaoyin – KI
Inferior aspect of the small toe
Termination of Foot-Shaoyin – KI
Root of the tongue
Origin of Hand-Jueyin – PC
Chest
Terminationn of Hand-Jueyin – PC
Tip of the middle finger PC9)
Origin of Hand-Shaoyang – SJ
Ulnar side of the ring finger (SJ1)
Termination of Hand-Shaoyang – SJ
Outer canthus (SJ23)
Origin of Foot-Shaoyang – GB
Outer canthus (GB1)
Termination of Foot-Shaoyang – GB
Lateral side of the fourth toe
Origin of Foot-Jueyin – LR
Great toe (Liv1)