Acud And Bases

Question 1

Brønsted Lowry
What is an acid ?

Answer 1

Proton donor

Nh3 +H~>Nh4

Question 2

What is a base¿

Answer 2

Proton acceptor
Water can be and acid or a base

HCl + H2O~>H3O* + Cl

Water accepted a proton

Question 3

How do you calculate ph and definition

Answer 3

pH=-log([H*]

Question 4

Equation for [H*]

Answer 4

[H*]= 10’pH

Question 5

kW

Answer 5

Kw =ionic product
Cancels the constant
Equilibrium lies really far to left
1x10^’14 mol dm’2 dm’6

Question 6

What standard condition does kw need to be under

Answer 6

298k at equilibrium

Question 7

Equation for kw

Answer 7

Kw=[H]* x [OH~]

Question 8

What if I wanted to fine [H]* and we given the kw

Answer 8

Square root the value of kw

Question 9

Bufffers

Answer 9

Solution used to keep ph constant
Withstand small addition of [H]* and [OH]~

Question 10

For acidic buffers

Mixture of weak acid + salt
Ethanoic acid + sodium ethanoate

CH3COOH _~ CH3COO + H*

CH3COONA ~> CH2COO~ + Na*
Equilibrium to left

Answer 10

Add acid [H]* react with the salt CH3COO’~> CH3COOH remains the ph constant

Add alkali. [OH ]’ react with H*
Equilibrium shifts to right to replace h* loss remains the ph constant

Question 11

For basic buffers
Weak acid + salt

Ammonia + ammonium chloride

NH3 + H2O ~> NH4* + OH’
NH4Cl ~> NH4* +Cl’

Answer 11

Add acid [H]* react with OH’
Equilibrium shifts to right to replace oh’

Add alkali. [OH’] react with salt
Ammonium
ph constant