acts & terms for the history exam

Question 0

federal securities act (FDR©)

Answer 0

• passed may 1933
• required corporations to provide all information on the stocks they offered and they could get in trouble for any misrepresentations (if they put inaccurate information)

Question 1

glass-steagall act (FDR©)

Answer 1

• established FDIC (federal deposit insurance corporation)
• the FDIC provided federal insurance for individual bank accounts of up to $5000 so customers knew their money was safe.
• also required banks to act cautiously with customers money

Question 2

securities and exchange commission (SEC) (FDR©)

Answer 2

• to regulate the stock market

* goal to prevent people with inside information about the companies from rigging the stock market for their own profit

Question 3

21 amendment

FDR©

Answer 3

• Roosevelt persuaded congress to approve a bill to manufacture and sell alcoholic beverages
• the bills main purpose was to raise government revenue by taxing alcohol
• by the end of 1933 the 21 amendment had repealed the prohibition

Question 4

agricultural adjustment act (AAA)

FDR©

Answer 4

• wanted to raise crop prices by lowering production
• achieved this by paying farmers to leave a certain amount of every acre unseeded.
• in some cases crops were too advanced so the gov. payed cotton growers $200 mill to plow almost 10 mill acres of their crops (and hog farmers to slaughter 6 mill pigs)
• the policy upset many Americans but the farmers got money
• was eventually deemed unconstitutional

Question 5

Tennessee valley authority (TVA)

FDR©

Answer 5

• Tennessee river valley was depressed
• TVA renovated 5 existing dams and made 20 new ones which
- created 1000s of jobs
- provided flood control
-hydroelectric power

Question 6

civilian conservation corps (CCC)

FDR©

Answer 6

• put young men 18-25 years old to work building roads, developing parks, planting trees, helping soil erosion and flood control projects
• by the time the program ended 1942 almost 3 million men passed through the CCC grew more than 200 million trees so another dust bowl wouldn’t happen.
• CCC payed $30/month of which $25 was sent to their families
• supplied free food, uniforms, and camps to stay in

Question 7

national industrial recovery act (NIRA)

FDR©

Answer 7

• provided money to states to create jobs, construct schools and other community buildings
• failed to make a sufficient dent in unemployment
• later deemed unconstitutional

Question 8

civil works administration (CWA)

FDR©

Answer 8

• provided 4 million jobs immediately
• built 40,000 schools, paid more than 50,000 teachers in the rural areas
• built more than half a million roads
• some critics the program was just to make work and a waste of money

Question 9

national recovery administration (NRA)

FDR©

Answer 9

• aim to promote recovery by interrupting trend of wage cuts, falling prices, and layoffs
• set prices of many products and established standards

Question 10

home owners loan corporation (HOLC)

FDR©

Answer 10

• provided gov. loans to homeowners who faced foreclosure because they couldn’t meet their loan payments

Question 11

what was the court packing bill

Answer 11

• congress made an act- a court reform bill to reorganize the court and appoint 6 new Supreme Court justices
• later deemed unconstitutional

Question 12

which acts were deemed unconstitutional and why

Answer 12

NIRA- the law gave legislative powers to the executive branch & enforcement of industry codes within states went beyond federal go a constitutional powers to regulate interstate commerce
AAA- agriculture is a local matter and should be regulated by states not gov
COURT PACKING BILL- violated principles of judicial independence and separation of powers

Question 13

works progress administration (WPA)

Answer 13

• set out to create as many jobs as quickly as possible
• spent $11 bill to give jobs to more than 8 million workers
• built 850 airports, constructed and repaired 651,000 miles of streets, put up more than 125,000 public buildings.
• women in sewing groups made 300 million garments for the needy
• gave america a sense of hope and purpose

Question 14

Wagner act

Answer 14

• protected the rights of workers to join unions and engage in collective bargaining with employers
• also prohibited unfair labor practices like threatening workers, firing union members, and interfering with union organizing

Question 15

foraker act

Answer 15

•President McKinley signed a civil law that established a civilian government in Puerto Rico.

Question 16

teller amendment

Answer 16

• The Teller Amendment was an reply to President William McKinley’s War Message.
• It placed a condition on the United States military’s presence in Cuba.
• According to the clause, the U.S. could not annex Cuba but only leave “control of the island to its people.” In short, the U.S. would help Cuba gain independence and then withdraw all its troops from the country.

Question 17

platt amendment

Answer 17

• The Platt Amendment’s conditions were for U.S. to be able to intervene in Cuban affairs
• permitted the United States to lease or buy lands for the purpose of the establishing naval bases
• it made sure Cuba wouldn’t go into debt

Question 18

define protectorate

Answer 18

a country whose affairs are partially controlled by a stronger power

Question 19

big stick diplomacy

Answer 19

• “Speak softly and carry a big stick; you will go far.”
• The phrase was also used later by Roosevelt to explain his relationships with political leaders and his approach to the issues like regulation of monopolies and the demands of trade unions.

Question 20

Roosevelt corollary

Answer 20

• said the U.S. had a right to use international police power in the Western Hemisphere
• a section Roosevelt added to the Monroe doctrine
• said that disorder in Latin America might force the U.S. to use international police power
• the corollary said that the U.S. would now use force to protect its economic interests in Latin America

Question 21

dollar diplomacy

Answer 21

• using U.S. government to give loans to foreign countries by american business people
• often used to justify keeping European powers out of the Caribbean

Question 22

Monroe doctrine

Answer 22

•warned other nations against expanding their influence in Latin America

Question 23

missionary diplomacy

Answer 23

the U.S. had a moral responsibility to deny recognition to any Latin American government it viewed oppressive, undemocratic, or hostile to US interests

Question 24

exodusters

Answer 24

blacks who moved to the north for better opportunities

Question 25

homestead act

Answer 25

offered 160 acres of land of free land to any citizen who was the head of the household

Question 26

morill and grand act

Answer 26

gave federal land to states to help finance agricultural colleges

Question 27

reaper

Answer 27

A reaper is a farming tool or person that reaps (cuts and gathers) crops at harvest , when they are ripe.

Question 28

how did barbed wire help farmers

Answer 28

kept animals away from crops so they wouldn’t eat them

Question 29

steel plow

Answer 29

can cut through heavy soil makes planting more efficient

Question 30

steel windmill

Answer 30

prevented crop dehydration brought water underground