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Exam 3 > Activity, Immobility, and Safe Movement > Flashcards

Activity, Immobility, and Safe Movement Flashcards

1
Q

awareness of posture and movement

A

proprioception

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2
Q

balance

A

equilibrium

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3
Q

increased muscle tone

A

spasticity/hypertonicity

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4
Q

lack of muscle tone

A

flaccidity/ hypotonicity

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5
Q

reduced blood flow

A

ischemia

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6
Q

weakness on one side of the body

A

hemiparesis

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7
Q

paralysis on one side of the body

A

hemiplegia

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8
Q

lower body paralysis

A

paraplegia

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9
Q

inability to move all four extremities

A

quadriplegia

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10
Q

wasting

A

atrophy

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11
Q

permanent fixation of a joint

A

contracture

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12
Q

permanent plantar fixation

A

footdrop

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13
Q

loss of bone mass due to lack of activity

A

disuse osteoporosis

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14
Q

spontaneous breaks without trauma

A

pathologic bone fracture

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15
Q

degrees of motion

A

range of motion

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16
Q

patient moves joint independently

A

active ROM

17
Q

nurse moves joint for patient

A

passive ROM

18
Q

patient sits on the edge of the bed before standing

A

dangling

19
Q

manner of walking

A

gait

20
Q

death of cells, tissues, or organs

A

nectrotic

21
Q

movement with constant muscle contraction

A

isotonic exercise

22
Q

tension and relaxation of muscle without joint movement

A

isometric exercise

23
Q

requires oxygen

A

aerobic exercise

24
Q

builds power and mass

A

anaerobic exercise

25
Q

What effects does immobility have on the musculoskeletal system?

A

-weakness
-decreased mucle tone
-decreased bone and muscles mass
-atrophy
-contractures

26
Q

What effects does immobility have on the nervous system?

A

-altered proprioception and equilibrium

27
Q

What effects does immobility have on the cardiopulmonary system?

A

-increased cardiac workload
-decreased lung expansion
-pooling secretions
-DVT
-activity intolerance

28
Q

Pooled blood combined with weakened calf muscles can lead to what.

A

DVT

29
Q

What effects does immobility have on nutrition?

A

-reduced BMR
-anorexia and nausea
-negative nitrogen balance if insufficient protein

30
Q

What effects does immobility have on elimination?

A

-urinary stasis
-constipation

31
Q

What effects does immobility have on skin?

A

-pressure injury
-prolonged tissue ischemia

32
Q

What effects does immobility have on the mind?

A

-isolation and sensory deprivation
-altered self concept
- disrupted sleep patterns

33
Q

What are some positioning devices?

A

-pillows
-splints/braces
-handrolls

34
Q

How can you promote lung expansion?

A

-raise HOB
-frequent cough and deep breathing
-incentive spirometer
-turn and reposition

35
Q

How can you prevent DVT?

A

-leg, ankle, and foot exercise
-ted tose or scd pumps
-avoid lower extremity pressure

36
Q
A

Exam 3 (2 decks)

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