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Fundamentals I > Activity and Immobility > Flashcards

Activity and Immobility Flashcards

1
Q

__ is very interconnected with balance

A

Gait

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2
Q

Expected gait

A

Steady, smooth, and coordinated

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3
Q

Unexpected gait

A

Shuffled, uncoordinated, slow, difficult

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4
Q

Who is at risk for gait abnormalities?

A

Older adults, neurologic conditions, and spinal or lower extremity problems

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5
Q

Unexpected gait indicates…

A

Risk for falling

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6
Q

Movement that decreases the angle between two joints such as the elbow or knee

A

Flexion

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7
Q

Movement that increases the angle between two joints such as the elbow or knee

A

Extension

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8
Q

Movement beyond normal resting extended position such as the head

A

Hyperextension

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9
Q

Movement so that the ventral surface faces down such as the hand

A

Pronation

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10
Q

Movement so that the ventral surface faces up such as the hand

A

Supination

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11
Q

Movement away from the midline

A

Abduction

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12
Q

Movement towards the midline

A

Adduction

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13
Q

Rotation of joint inward

A

internal rotation

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14
Q

Rotation of joint outward

A

external rotation

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15
Q

Turning foot away from midline

A

Eversion

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16
Q

Turning foot towards midline

A

inversion

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17
Q

Flexion of toes and foot upward

A

dorsiflexion

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18
Q

Bending toes and foot towards the ground

A

plantar flexion

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19
Q

Cervical spine should be

A

concave

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20
Q

Thoracic spine should be

A

convex

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21
Q

Lumbar spine should be

A

concave

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22
Q

Sacral spring should be

A

convex

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23
Q

Exaggerated curvature of lumbar spine

A

Lordosis

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24
Q

Exaggerated curvature of thoracic spine

A

Kyphosis

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25
Q

Exaggerated lateral curvature

A

Scoliosis

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26
Q

Muscle strength grade 0

A

Paralysis

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27
Q

Muscle strength grade 1

A

Muscle contraction is seen, no joint motion

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28
Q

Muscle strength grade 2

A

Muscle can move joint only if properly positioned so gravity is eliminated

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29
Q

Muscle strength grade 3

A

Can move joint against gravity without resistance

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30
Q

Muscle strength grade 4

A

Muscle can move joint against moderate resistance

31
Q

Muscle strength grade 5

A

Full ROM against resistance

32
Q

Contraindicated for heat and cold compresses

A

Very old, very young, frail skin, fair skinned, immobile

33
Q

Don’t use cold therapy on someone with

A

Vascular insufficiency or an open wound

34
Q

Assess hot or cold every 5-10 minutes especially if…

A

Patient is immobile

35
Q

Center of gravity

A

the lower the better

36
Q

Don’t have knees…

A

locked or straight

37
Q

When lifting use…

A

assistive device when necessary

38
Q

Pushing or pulling use a

A

wide base of support

39
Q

Major risk factor for mobility issues

A

Obesity

40
Q

Other risk factors for mobility issues

A

Congenital defects, bone/joint or muscle disorders, arthritis, CNS disorders, trauma, reconditioning

41
Q

Who determines mobility?

A

Physical therapy

42
Q

Bedrest ordered by MD is usually

A

procedure related and time sensitive

43
Q

Semi-fowlers position

A

Bed elevated at 15-45 degrees

44
Q

Fowlers position

A

bed elevated at 45-60 degrees

45
Q

High fowler’s position

A

bed elevated at 60-90 degrees

46
Q

Modified trendelenburg position

A

Patient is flat, legs are elevated above heart

47
Q

For patient’s with spinal or cervical precautions you must

A

log roll them

48
Q

Helpful to aid independence, good for obese patients or those with low extremity issues

A

Trapeze bar

49
Q

Patients who have been on bedrest for a long time use a __ __ __

A

Total lift bed

50
Q

Mobility foals for most patients are

A

up within first several hours after surgery or event

51
Q

Trauma ICU patients up to chair in

A

next morning if cervical spine cleared

52
Q

Early mobility helps with…

A

Respiratory, cardiac, muscle tone, and GI and metabolism

53
Q

Biggest barrier to mobility is…

A

Time and lack of staff

54
Q

Plan ahead for mobile activities by…

A

Administering pain medication 30 minutes prior if indicated

55
Q

2 types of canes

A

Single straight legged and quad canes

56
Q

Canes are used for

A

MILD strength and balance impairments

57
Q

Quad canes used for patients with

A

Unilateral weakness

58
Q

Canes go on the

A

strong side

59
Q

Then the weaker side

A

moves with the cane

60
Q

The patient needs __ points of support on the ground at all times

A

2

61
Q

Teach patient to never

A

Lean over walker and always stay upright

62
Q

Don’t let walker get too much

A

ahead of the patient

63
Q

Don’t use walkers on

A

multiple stairs

64
Q

Walk with…

A

affected leg or weak side first

65
Q

Cane opposite of

A

affected leg

66
Q

Forearm crutch used longer typically for…

A

Paralysis

67
Q

Crutch pads should be __-__ finger lengths from the axilla

A

2-3

68
Q

Weight bearing should be on __ __ not axilla pads

A

hand grips

69
Q

Basic crutch position is the

A

tripod position

70
Q

Four point gait is…

A

Weight bearing on both legs and always 3 points of support

71
Q

Crutches: 3 point gait: All weight on

A

unaffected leg

72
Q

Crutches 2 point gait

A

Partial weight bearing on both feet

73
Q

Crutches with 2 point gait mimics

A

how normal arms and legs move

Fundamentals I (10 decks)

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