activity Flashcards
GROUP 1 PAPER CHROMATOGRAPHY
Materials used: Bond Paper, Isopropyl Alcohol, Water-Soluble Colored Markers, Pencil, Beaker, Paper Tape
Procedure:
1. Cut the bond paper into strips then draw a pencil line 2 cm from the bottom of a piece of bond paper.
2. Draw another line using colored markers on this line and let it dry.
3. Pour a bit of solvent into a beaker. In our case, we will be using isopropyl alcohol as solvent.
4. Hang the paper using a stick in the beaker with the bottom edge in the solvent, but keep the sample spot above the solvent.
5. Wait for the solvent to move up the paper, carrying the sample with it. Once the solvent almost reaches the top, take the paper out and let it dry.
Group 2
Candy Chromatography
Materials used:
Skewer
Various colored candies (like Skittles or M&Ms) Water
A container for water
Ruler
Scissors
A dropper or a straw
A plate or small bowls for candy soaking”
Salt
Beaker
Spatula
Watch glass
Clips
Sticks
Filter paper
Salt
Measuring cup
Dropper
•Set one candy in the drop of water and leave it there for 3 minutes.
•Make as many candy samples as you want to test.
•Prepare Your Paper Strips (filter paper)
•Cut your paper to make strips that are about 2.5 cm wide and 12 cm long.
•The strips should be long enough to just touch the bottom of the beaker or tall glass.
•With a pencil, draw a line 1 inch from the bottom of each strip.
•Use a pencil to label each strip with the candy color.
•Use the pipette/dropper to make a spot of the candy dye solution on the pencil line on the paper strip.
•Let the paper strip air dry and then re-apply. Repeat this 3-5 times.
•The more concentrated your sample on the paper strip is, the better your results will be.
•Prepare several strips for different candy colors.
•Allow the strips to dry.
•Do the Chromatography Separation
•Add 1/8 teaspoon of salt to 4 cups of water. (about 1 gram salt to 1 liter water)
•Stir until the salt is completely dissolved.
•Use a binder clip or tape to attach the paper strip to a wooden skewer or pencil.
•Place the wooden skewer across the opening of the beaker or tall glass.
•The bottom of the strip should end about 1 inch above the bottom of the beaker.
•Remove the paper strip and pour a small amount of the salt solution into the beaker or tall glass.
•Place the wooden skewer with the paper strip across the opening of the beaker again
•The paper strip should touch the liquid, but the pencil line should NOT be submerged.
•Let the liquid rise up the paper strip until it almost reaches the top.
•Depending on the type of paper, this can take anywhere from 30 minutes to several hours.
•Remove the paper strip from the beaker and mark with a pencil how far the liquid rose.
•Analyze Your Results
•The color pattern you see on the paper strip is called a chromatogram.
PLANT PIGMENT CHROMATOGRAPHY
(GROUP 3)
MATERIALS:
• Fresh leaves
• Isopropyl alcohol (10 ml per beaker)
• Beakers (25 ml)
• Mortar and pestle
• Hot water bath
• Filter paper
PROCEDURE:
- Leaf Preparation: Finely tear the leaves.
- Grinding: Grind the leaf pieces with a mortar and pestle, then place them in the beaker.
- Alcohol Addition: Pour 10 milliliters of isopropyl alcohol into each beaker.
- Heating: Place the beakers in a hot water bath for 30 minutes.
- Straining: Strain the leaf material out of the alcohol.
- Filter Paper Preparation: Cut filter paper into strips.
- Chromatography Setup: Place the filter paper strips in the beakers.
- Observation: Let the setup sit for an hour to observe pigment separation.
GROUP 4 - COFFEE FILTER CHROMATOGRAPHY
MATERIALS:
Coffee filter
Glass
Water
Marker
PROCEDURE:
1. Prepare a coffee filter and a glass.
2. Fill half of the glass with water, the water will act as a solvent, helping us to separate the pigments.
3. Draw a line or color the coffee filter with a marker.
4. Carefully the coffee filter into the bowl of water, ensuring that the marker circle remains above the water level.
5. Observe the movement of the pigment together with the solvent.
6. Once done, take out the coffee filter and let it dry.
GROUP 4 - COFFEE FILTER CHROMATOGRAPHY
MATERIALS:
Coffee filter
Glass
Water
Marker
PROCEDURE:
1. Prepare a coffee filter and a glass.
2. Fill half of the glass with water, the water will act as a solvent, helping us to separate the pigments.
3. Draw a line or color the coffee filter with a marker.
4. Carefully the coffee filter into the bowl of water, ensuring that the marker circle remains above the water level.
5. Observe the movement of the pigment together with the solvent.
6. Once done, take out the coffee filter and let it dry.
GROUP 4 - COFFEE FILTER CHROMATOGRAPHY
MATERIALS:
Coffee filter
Glass
Water
Marker
PROCEDURE:
1. Prepare a coffee filter and a glass.
2. Fill half of the glass with water, the water will act as a solvent, helping us to separate the pigments.
3. Draw a line or color the coffee filter with a marker.
4. Carefully the coffee filter into the bowl of water, ensuring that the marker circle remains above the water level.
5. Observe the movement of the pigment together with the solvent.
6. Once done, take out the coffee filter and let it dry.
GROUP 5
Materials:
Filter paper
Beaker
Colored marker
Water
Ruler
Pencil
Alcohol (isopropyl)
1.Cut a strip of chromatography paper to the desired size. It should be long enough to fit into the cup or beaker and still leave a portion sticking out for easy handling
2.Use a pencil to mark a line near the bottom of the chromatography paper strip. This will be the starting line for applying the sample.
3.Prepare your sample. If you’re using markers, draw a small dot of each color along the pencil line on the chromatography paper. If you’re using a mixture, apply a small amount of it to the same line.
4.Pour a small amount of solvent (water or alcohol) into a cup or beaker. The level of the solvent should be low enough that it doesn’t touch the sample on the paper.
5.Place the chromatography paper strip into the cup or beaker, making sure the sample line is above the level of the solvent.
6.Wait for the solvent to travel up the paper strip, carrying the pigments with it. This could take anywhere from a few minutes to an hour, depending on the solvent and the pigments.
7.Once the solvent has almost reached the top of the paper strip, carefully remove the strip from the cup or beaker and lay it flat to dry.
8.Observe the chromatogram (the paper strip). You should see different colored bands separated along the strip.
9.Use a ruler to measure the distance each pigment traveled from the starting line.
10.Analyze the chromatogram to identify the pigments present in the mixture based on their colors and migration distances.
GROUP 1 PAPER CHROMATOGRAPHY
Group 2 Candy Chromatography
GROUP 3 PLANT PIGMENT CHROMATOGRAPHY
GROUP 4 - COFFEE FILTER CHROMATOGRAPHY
