active transport and co-transport

Question 1

what is active transport

Answer 1

the movement of molecules from a low to high concentration - this requires energy due to the molecules moving up the gradient

Question 2

how does active transport

Answer 2

1. molecule will bind to the carrier protein as well as a molecule of ATP
2. the ATP gets hydrolysed into ADP and a molecule of phosphate also becomes present
3. the hydrolisation of ATP creates energy for the carrier protein to change shape and allow the molecule through the membrane
4. phosphate then gets released allowing the carrier protein to return back to its normal shape

Question 3

what are the factors affecting active transort

Answer 3

1. membrane thickness
2. rate of respiration
3. temperature
4. number of carrier proteins

Question 4

what is co-transport

Answer 4

when 2 moleucles bind to a protein at a time

Question 5

what is the protein called which the two molecules bind to

Answer 5

co-transporters