Active Transport Flashcards
what is diffusion
the movement of particles through a semi-permeable membrane from an area of high concentration to an area of low concentration
how does surface area:volume ratio affect diffusion rate?
if the surface area is bigger then the solute can diffuse faster as there is more surface to do so
how does the mass of the solute affect diffusion rate?
if the mass of the solute is higher then it will take longer to diffuse
how does the thickness of membrane affect diffusion rate?
if the membrane is thicker then it means more distance to diffuse which means the solute will take longer to diffuse
how does temperature affect diffusion rate?
if the temperature is higher then this means faster diffusion as there is more kinetic energy
what is gaseous exchange?
movement of gases (oxygen,CO2) between 2 locations, moving according to their concentration gradient
how is alveolus adapted for gaseous exchange?
- there are lots, creating an increase in surface area, meaning faster diffusion
- long and thin to also increase surface area
- have thin membranes (one cell thick) for faster diffusion
what is the relationship between respiration and gaseous exchange?
respiration is a chemical reaction that releases energy from the break down of glucose. gaseous exchange isn’t a chemical reaction as it only involves the diffusion of gases. It also doesn’t require energy as it is a passive process
what is the relationship between breathing and gaseous exchange?
breathing is the movement of air (gases) into and out of the lungs and the gases taken in by breathing and their movement between the alveolus and red blood cells io capillaries is gaseous exchange
what is aerobic respiration?
the release of energy from the breakdown of glucose in the presence of oxygen
where does aerobic respiration occur?
the mitochondria
what is anaerobic respiration?
the release of energy from the break down of glucose in the absence of oxygen
where does anaerobic respiration occur?
in the cytoplasm
what is the word equation for aerobic respiration?
glucose+oxygen=carbon dioxide+water+energy
what is the symbol equation for aerobic respiration?
C6H12O6+6O2 —–> 6CO2+6H2O+energy
