Active transport Flashcards
What is active transport?
The movement of molecules or ions in or out of a cell from a region of lower concentration to a region of higher concentration using ATP and carrier proteins.
What is ATP used for in active transport?
Directly move molecules/ individually move molecules using a concentration gradient which has already been set up by AT. This is known as co-transport.
How does active transport differ from passive forms of transport?
Metabolic energy in the form of ATP is required/ against a concentration gradient/ carrier proteins which act as ‘pumps’/ very selective process as only specific substances are transported.
Describe active transport for a single molecule or ion.
Carrier protein binds to it so it can be transported to other side/ molecule binds to receptor sites on the protein/ On the inside ATP binds to the protein causing it to split into ADP and a phosphate molecule, As a result the protein molecule changes shape and opens to the opposite side./ molecule or ion is released/ phosphate molecule is released causing the protein to go back to original shape and the phosphate recombines with ADP to form ATP during respiration.
What is the sodium-potassium pump an example of?
When there is two molecules or ions transported at the same time.
What happens in the sodium-potassium pump?
Sodium ions are actively removed from the cell while potassium ions are actively taken in from the surroundings.
