active transport

Question 1

what is active transport?

Answer 1

this is the movement of molecules or ions into or out of a cell from a region of lower concentration to a region of higher concentration using ATP & carrier proteins.

Question 2

what is ATP used for in active transport?

Answer 2

1. to directly move molecules
2. individually move molecules using a concentration gradient which has already been set up by (direct) active transport. This is known as co-transport

Question 3

what metabolic energy is used in active transport?

Answer 3

ATP

Question 4

how are substances moved using active transport?

Answer 4

they are moved against the concentration gradient which is from lower to higher

Question 5

which molecule is used as a pump in this process?

Answer 5

carrier protein molecules.

Question 6

distinguish between active transport and facilitated diffusion.

Answer 6

Both use carrier proteins but facilitated diffusion occurs down a concentration gradient, while active transport occurs against a concentration gradient. This means that facilitated diffusion does not require metabolic energy, while active transport does. The metabolic energy is provided in the form of ATP.