active transport

Question 1

how many types of active transport are there? what are the types?

Answer 1

2 types, direct (primary) and indirect (secondary)

Question 2

what is direct active transport powered by?

Answer 2

hydrolysis of ATP

Question 3

what is ATPase proteins? how many types are there? can you list them?

Answer 3

ATPase proteins help turn ATP into ADP. there are 3 types of ATPase, P-type, V-type, and F-type.

Question 4

what does p-type ATPase do?

Answer 4

transPorts heavy metal ions
is a 8-10 TM

Question 5

what does V-type ATPase do?

Answer 5

pumps protons into organelles (Ex: golgi, lysosomes)

Question 6

symport vs antiport?

Answer 6

symport: molecules go in same dir
antiport: molecules go in opp dir, one in/one out

Question 7

what is an example of a p-type ATPase?

Answer 7

the sodium potassium pump

Question 8

how is the sodium potassium powered?

Answer 8

hydrolysis of ATP

Question 9

1 ATP = _ Na+ (in/out) and _K+ (in/out)
why these amounts?

Answer 9

3 out, 2 in
these amounts create a charge across the membrane

Question 10

the sodium potassium pump is a tetrameric transmembrane protein. explain what tetrameric transmembrane protein means + location of binding sites. also, is it a symport/antiport

Answer 10

tetrameric means it has 4 pieces, 2 alpha and 2 beta units. alpha units are on the inside and contain binding sites
antiporter

Question 11

what does ABC-type ATPases stand for? purpose?

Answer 11

ATP Binding Cassette. transport ATP

Question 12

what is an example of ABC-type ATPase? why is it an ABC-type ATPase? what is its function?

Answer 12

an MDR transport protein; stands for multidrug resistance
the alpha domains are the cassettes, MDR transport proteins have them (the whole tetrameric structure)
it pumps antibiotics/drugs out of cells, making the cell resistant to the drug
this is common is tumor cells, making them resistant to treatment

Question 13

what are AAA ATPases?

Answer 13

ATPases Associated with diverse cellular Activities
transports large macromolecules

Question 14

what is indirect active transportation? are they symport or antiport?

Answer 14

transport that is dependent on an ongoing transport
can be both

Question 15

what is an example of symport indirect active transportation?

Answer 15

glucose using Na+ to travel along the sodium-potassium gradient
SGLT proteins: sodium dependent glucose transporters S GL T

Question 16

what is an example of antiport indirect active transportation?

Answer 16

chloride-bicarbonate exchanger

Question 17

give one example of another type of membrane transport

Answer 17

vesicular transport: transport of large particle/macromolecules across the membrane into vesicles, big thing –> vesicle
endocytosis/exocytosis