Active Learning 4- Stroke Flashcards
What does the middle cerebral artery supply?
Latearl side of the
Frontal
Parieta
Temporal
What does occlusion of the MCA cause?
Weakness and sensory deficits on the OPPOSITE side d/t crossing of the motor and sensory tracts.
A pt with a MCA stroke would have what symptoms?
Face and arms affected more than legs.
Homonymous hemianopsia with ipsilateral gaze deviation (patients LOOK at their LESION_
Aphasia/ problem speaking ( if stroke is on dominant side)
What does the ACA supply?
Anterior and medial aspects of the
frontal
parietal
temporal lobes
What does occlusion of the ACA cuase?
Weakness and sensory deficits on opposite side d/t crossin of the motor and sensory tracts.
A pt with a stroke of the ACA cuases what symptoms?
More likely to affect the LEGS.
Frontal lobe problems–personality change
What are the lenticulostriate arteries and what do they supply?
LSAs are braches off the MCA
Supply the deep structures of the brain
What are the characteristics of a lacunar stroke?
NO aphasia, neglect of visual field cuts.
Pure motor stroke
Pure sensory stroke
What is a pure motor stroke and what does it cause?
Infarction of the posteior limb of the internal capsule.
Hemiparesis of the legs, arms and face on one side due to disruption of the descending corticospinal and corticobulbar tracts.
What is a pure sensory stroke and what does it cause?
Infarction of the lateral thalamus.
Numbeness of the legs, arms and face on the contralateral side of the body.
What does the vertebral artery supply?
Inferiori cerebellum and lateral medulla
What happens to patients with cerebellar infarct?
Cerebellar dysfunction:
vertigo
blurred vision
vomiting
nystamus
ataxia
postural instability
What happens to patients with a lateral medullary infarct?
They develop Wallenberg syndrome.
CROSSED symptoms–pts ahve numbness on ONE side of the face and the OPPOSITE side of the body.
This is because of IPSILATERAL cranial nerve damage and damage to teh sensory fibers above where they cross from teh contralateral side.
What does the basilar artery supply?
rostral brianstem and occipital lobes
A basilar artery stroke will cause what defecs?
Cranial nerve palsies–> gaze problems, hemianopsia and miosis
More severe–> damage the reticular activating system –> altered levels of consciousness and damage to other cranial nerves.
One of the few types that can cause LOC.
What does the posterior cerebral artery supply?
Occipital lobes.
A patient with PCA infarct would present with what symptoms?
Homonymous hemianopsia of the contralateral vision field.
Patients often have macular sparing and may have difficulty naming colors.
What is the difference between an intracerebral hemorrhage, a subarachnoid hemorrhage, and an Ischemic stroke?
Intracerebral hemorrhage: Associated w/ hypertension. Usually occurs in deep structures of the brain, brainstem or cerebellum.
Subarachnoid hemorrhage: Associated w/ trauma. Most common non-traumatic cuase of SAH is rupture of berry aneurysms. Classic symptoms: sudden onset severe “thunderclap” headache, or the worst head ever, nausea, vomiting, nuchal rigidity, photophobia, altered level of conscious ness. Some patients may have sentinel bleeding and have a series of headaches associted w/ aneuysm leakage. Physical exam: 6th CN palsy or 3rd CN palsy d/t increased intracranial pressure.
Ischemic stroke: Atherosclerosis causes large vessel stroke by direct thrombosis of cerebral vessels or embolism. Sroke–> occlusion of vessels–> inadequate O2 to brain–> neuronal cell death
