Active ingredients Flashcards
key ingredients and their use, mechanisms & interactions
Diphenylhydramine interactions and use? What to avoid with this?
Interaction with Beta-Blockers. slows breakdown Sedating antihistamine @ higher doses Allergic Rhinitis, cold and cough Motion sickness Alcohol
Cetalkonium Chloride - found in what? How does it work
Bonjela. But also Antiseptic for minor infections of mouth, throat + eyes. Quaternary ammonium antimicrobial agent that works by disrupting the cell membrane. Microbes lose internal environment
Hyoscine butylbromide. Indication and side effects?
Antispasmodic. Helps to ease bloating and spasm type pain associated with IBS.
sedative effect is enhanced with alcohol or other CNS depressants
ABCD’s
Loperamide class and directions?
Antiperisraltic agent
How do you take loperamide
initial dose is 4mg followed by 2mg after each loose stool. Max 8mg in 24hr
Mode of action of loperamide?
Antiperistaltic agent that reduces intestinal motility by interfering with the cholinergic & non-cholinergic mechanisms involved in the peristaltic reflex.
loperamide side effects?
feeling faint - headache - nausea
max duration of loperamide?
two day treatment
Codeine Phosphate OTC use?
Opioid analgesic got pain relief, but can be used to allay a non-productive cough.
major otc interactions of codeine?
interacts with MAOIs e.g Rasagiline, Selegiline
Is there any dangerous MAOI interactions with Antihistamines?
yes - BP can drop dangerously low
Phenylephrine uses and mechanism
relief of nasal congestion and sinusitis.
absorbed through the mucosa and reduces the blood flow. Reduced buildup of mucus
what patients is this unsuitable for?
type 1 diabetics
hypertension
ischaemic heart disease
glaucoma ( for eye drops )
phenylephrine interaction?
MAOI (result in hypertensive crises)
Silicogel Colloidal. pitch it to me.
highly dispersible and protectively lines the whole GI
Physically adsorbs onto toxins as well as pathogens. renders them harmless. removed naturally by intestines
