Actions of Hormones (Hypothalamus, Anterior Pituitary, Posterior Pituitary, Thyroid)

Question 1

The hypothalamus is the gland of origin for what six hormones?

Answer 1

TRH, CRH, GnRH, SRIF, PIF, GHRH

Question 2

What is the chemical classification of TRH and what is its major action?

Answer 2

Peptide

Stimulates secretion of TSH and prolactin

Question 3

What is the chemical classification of CRH and what is its major action?

Answer 3

Peptide

Stimulates secretion of ACTH

Question 4

What is the chemical classification of GnRH and what is its major action?

Answer 4

Peptide

Stimulates secretion of LH and FSH

Question 5

What is the chemical classification of SRIF and what is its major action?

Answer 5

Peptide

Inhibits secretion of growth hormone

Question 6

What is the chemical classification of PIF and what is its major action?

Answer 6

Amine

Inhibits secretion of prolactin

Question 7

What is the chemical classification of GHRH and what is its major action?

Answer 7

Peptide

Stimulates secretion of growth hormone

Question 8

What is the major function of the hypothalamus?

Answer 8

Secretion by the anterior pituitary (increase or decrease)

Question 9

The anterior pituitary is the gland of origin for what seven hormones?

Answer 9

TSH, FSH, LH, growth hormone, Prolactin, ACTH, MSH

Question 10

The hormones of the anterior pituitary are all what type?

Answer 10

Peptide

Question 11

What is the chemical classification of TSH and what is its major action?

Answer 11

Peptide

Stimulates secretion and synthesis of thyroid hormones (increase size)

Question 12

What is the chemical classification of FSH and what is its major action?

Answer 12

Peptide

Stimulates sperm maturation in Sertoli cells of testes

Question 13

What is the chemical classification of LH and what is its major action?

Answer 13

Peptide
Stimules testosterone hormones in Leydig cells of testes
Stimultes ovulation, formation or corpus luteum, estrogen and progesterone synthesis in ovaries.

Question 14

What is the chemical classification of growth hormone and what is its major action?

Answer 14

Peptide

Growth, organic metabolism; secretion of somatomedin by liver and cartilage

Question 15

What is the chemical classification of prolactin and what is its major action?

Answer 15

Peptide

Stimulates milk production and secretion in breasts

Question 16

What is the chemical classification of ACTH and what is its major action?

Answer 16

Peptide

Stimulates synthesis and secretion of adrenal cortical hormones (CORTISOL, androgens, and aldosterone)

Question 17

What is the chemical classification of MSH and what is its major action?

Answer 17

Peptide

Stimulates melanin synthesis

Question 18

The posterior pituitary is the gland of origin for which two hormones?

Answer 18

Oxytocin

Vasopressin (ADH)

Question 19

What type of hormones are oxytocin and vasopressin?

Answer 19

Peptide

Question 20

What is the chemical classification of oxytocin and what is its major action?

Answer 20

Peptide

Stimulates milk ejection from breasts and uterine contractions

Question 21

What is the chemical classification of vasopressin (ADH) and what is its major action?

Answer 21

Peptide

Stimulates water reabsorption in principal cells of collecting ducts and constriction of arterioles

Question 22

The thyroid is the gland of origin of what three hormones?

Answer 22

T3, T4

Calcitonin

Question 23

What is the chemical classification of T3, T4 and what are its major actions?

Answer 23

Amine
Stimulates skeletal growth; oxygen consumption; heat production; protein, fat, and carbohydrate utilization; perinatal maturation of the central nervous system

Question 24

What is the chemical classification of calcitonin and what is its major action?

Answer 24

Peptide

Decreases serum [Ca2+]