Action Plans (Textbook) MCQs Flashcards
In the early detection of an air embolism, the following are useful:
a) ECG
b) ultrasound
c) end-tidal CO2
d) fall in blood pressure
e) change in ventilatory pattern
b) ultrasound
c) end-tidal CO2
High central venous pressure, low blood pressure and acute circulatory failure are found in:
a) tension pneumothorax
b) pulmonary embolism
c) congestive cardiac failure
d) venous air embolism
e) haemorrhage.
a) tension pneumothorax
b) pulmonary embolism
c) congestive cardiac failure
d) venous air embolism
In acute cardiac tamponade there is:
a) ascites
b) hypotension
c) bradycardia
d) a prominent ‘a’ wave in the CVP trace
e) cyanosis and cold extremities.
b) hypotension
d) a prominent ‘a’ wave in the CVP trace
e) cyanosis and cold extremities.
Immediate treatment of venous air embolism during posterior fossa surgery should include the following:
a) turn the patient right side down
b) give mannitol
c) raise the intracranial venous pressure
d) give a rapid fluid infusion
e) turn off nitrous oxide
c) raise the intracranial venous pressure
d) give a rapid fluid infusion
e) turn off nitrous oxide
Recognised features of fat embolism include:
a) mental confusion
b) bradycardia
c) petechial rash
d) respiratory distess syndrome
e) pyrexia.
a) mental confusion
c) petechial rash
d) respiratory distess syndrome
e) pyrexia.
In cardiopulmonary resuscitation:
a) lignocaine should be given before adrenaline in ventricular fibrillation
b) the optimal treatment of ventricular tachycardia involves synchronised
50-joule DC shock
c) the tracheal dose of adrenaline is 0.5mg
d) 50mL NaHCO3 should be given every 10 minutes
e) calcium should be given to renal failure patients on dialysis.
e) calcium should be given to renal failure patients on dialysis.
Hypokalaemia
a) causes ST segment depression on the ECG
b) causes mental depression
c) precipitates digoxin toxicity
d) may precipitate muscle paralysis
e) occurs in untreated hyperosmolar non-ketotic diabetic coma
a) causes ST segment depression on the ECG
c) precipitates digoxin toxicity
d) may precipitate muscle paralysis
e) occurs in untreated hyperosmolar non-ketotic diabetic coma
After massive inhalation of gastric acid one would expect the following:
a) lung abscess
b) severe hypercapnia
c) bacteraemia
d) hypovolaemia
e) destruction of surfactant
d) hypovolaemia
e) destruction of surfactant
Postoperative hypoxia at 15 minutes may be due to:
a) mild hypercapnia
b) nitrous oxide diffusion
c) central depression
d) increased V/Q scatter
e) shivering.
a) mild hypercapnia
c) central depression
d) increased V/Q scatter
e) shivering.
Ventricular arrhythmias are more common in the presence of:
a) hypokalaemia
b) hypoxia
c) thyrotoxicosis
d) cardiopulmonary bypass and digoxin treatment
e) essential hypertension
ALL Answers are correct!
Treatment of acute anaphylaxis includes:
a) IM adrenaline
b) H1 and H2 antagonists
c) hydrocortisone
d) IM chlorpromazine
e) IV salbutamol
a) IM adrenaline
b) H1 and H2 antagonists
c) hydrocortisone
e) IV salbutamol
Air embolus is signified by:
a) ECG changes
b) Doppler ultrasound
c) pulsus paradoxus
d) raised CVP
e) decreased end-tidal CO2.
a) ECG changes
b) Doppler ultrasound
d) raised CVP
e) decreased end-tidal CO2.
The following can be given by inhalation without causing systemic effects:
a) adrenaline
b) orciprenaline
c) isoprenaline
d) beclomethasone
e) sodium cromoglycate
d) beclomethasone
e) sodium cromoglycate
Complications of dextran-70 include:
a) hypocoagulability
b) interference with cross-matching
c) hypervolaemia
d) renal failure
e) antigenic reaction
a) hypocoagulability
b) interference with cross-matching
c) hypervolaemia
e) antigenic reaction
Recognised causes of urinary retention include:
a) ketamine
b) morphine
c) amitriptyline
d) ephedrine
e) frusemide.
b) morphine
d) ephedrine
e) frusemide.
In epiglottitis the following are true:
a) IV access and oxygen are essential first-line treatment
b) immediate lateral neck x-ray is needed to aid diagnosis
c) IV chlorpromazine is the treatment of choice
d) tracheostomy should be performed if the patient is still intubated after 72 hours
e) patient is likely to be intubated for 5 days
NONE of the answers are correct!
Causes of prolonged postoperative recovery of consciousness are:
a) acromegaly
b) intraoperative intracerebral event
c) myxoedema
d) prolonged action of muscle relaxants
e) hypoventilation.
ALL Answers are correct!
TURP syndrome:
a) is associated with hypokalaemia
b) may present with convulsions
c) is prevented by spinal anaesthesia
d) is caused by blood loss
e) requires treatment with diuretics.
b) may present with convulsions
e) requires treatment with diuretics.
A young man admitted to casualty following a road traffic accident is found to have central dislocation of the hip and is shocked. Likely causes are:
a) ruptured bladder
b) ruptured urethra
c) blood loss
d) neurogenic shock
e) fat embolism
c) blood loss
A patient with vomiting, respiratory distress, cyanosis, epigastric tenderness and subcutaneous emphysema in the neck may be suffering from:
a) ruptured oesophagus
b) ruptured diaphragm
c) ruptured trachea
d) spontaneous pneumothorax
e) pulmonary embolus.
a) ruptured oesophagus
b) ruptured diaphragm
c) ruptured trachea
Cricoid pressure:
a) is effective in the presence of a nasogastric tube
b) requires a complete cricoid cartilage to be effective
c) should be performed with the neck extended
d) should be performed after 5 minutes of pre-oxygenation
e) compresses the oesophagus against the cervical vertebrae.
b) requires a complete cricoid cartilage to be effective
c) should be performed with the neck extended
e) compresses the oesophagus against the cervical vertebrae.
