ACT 4 - Familiarizing Phlebotomy Materials Flashcards
a dedicated area of a medical laboratory or clinic equipped for performing phlebotomy procedures on patients, primarily outpatients sent by their physicians for laboratory testing
blood drawing station
inclusions for blood drawing station
table for supplies, special chair for patient, bed or reclining chair
should have adjustable armrests to achieve proper positioning of either arm
phlebotomy chairs
make blood collection equipment portable
equipment carrier
They are convenient for “stat” or emergency situations or when relatively few patients need blood work.
handheld carrier
Come in a variety of styles and sizes designed to be easily carried by the phlebotomist and to contain enough equipment for numerous blood draws
handheld carrier
Nonsterile, disposable latex, nitrile, neoprene, polyethylene, and vinyl examination gloves are acceptable for most phlebotomy procedures.
gloves
for routine decontamination of hands as a substitute for hand washing
hand sanitizer
Used to cleanse the site
alcohol prep pads
what is sometimes applied on the site to prevent microorganisms from contaminating the blood sample.
iodine
folded in fourths are used to hold pressure over the site following blood collection procedures.
gauze pads
T/F gauze pads are applied before procedure is complete
false, after
ways to secure the puncture
Cotton with adhesive gauze
Band aid
Special adhesive pads for phlebotomy procedures
used to cover a blood collection site after the bleeding has stopped
adhesive bandages
where are adhesive pads placed?
over puncture site
T/F adhesive pads can be used on babies younger than 2 years of age
false
why cant adhesive pads be used on babies younger than 2 years of age?
because of the danger of aspiration and suffocation
where Used needles, lancets, and other sharp objects must be disposed of immediately
specialized “sharps” container
used for skin puncture among infants
tissue warmers
how does tissue warmer help infants?
increases capillary circulation in an infant’s heel to facilitate blood collection by heel stick
when is the computer label/permanent marking pen usually used?
After drawing blood
Before leaving patient
constricting device applied to a patient’s arm prior to venipuncture with the aim of inflating the veins by restricting venous blood for a period of time
tourniquet
types of tourniquet
strap
single use latex free
rubber tubing
means to inspect an organ by passing light through its walls
transillumination
These devices typically shine high-intensity LED or infrared red light through the patient’s subcutaneous tissue to highlight veins.
Vein-locating/transillumination devices
How does transilluminating devices work?
The hemoglobin in the blood within the veins absorbs the light, causing the veins to stand out as dark lines.
sterile, disposable, and designed for a single use only
needles
T/F It is important to examine the packaging or seal of a needle before use.
True
If the packaging is open or the seal is broken, the needle is no longer sterile and but can still be used
False
indicated by a number that is related to the diameter of the lumen
gauge
T/F A needle’s diameter and gauge have an inverse (opposite) relationship.
True
The higher the gauge number, the higher the actual diameter of the needle
False, smaller actual diameter
T/F It is important to select the appropriate needle for the situation
True
What happens when a needle is too large?
It can damage the vein
What happens when a needle is too small?
It may hemolyze the specimen
Needle parts:
Hub, shaft, bevel, lumen, needlestick, prevention device
Double pointed needle, part of evacuated collection system
Multi-sample needles
Used with a syringe to draw blood, Blood transferred to evacuated tube, typically sealed in sterile-apart packages
Hypodermic needles
an indispensable tool for collecting blood from small or difficult veins
winged infusion set
other term for winged infusion set
butterfly
what is the use of wings for the winged infusion set?
Stability
Using a needle smaller than __ gauge increases the chance of hemolyzing the specimen
23
What is hemolysis?
Red blood cells are fragile and easily rupture.
What factors lead to hemolysis?
the needle is directed to the test tube
gauge is too small
a closed system in which the patient’s blood flows through a needle inserted into a vein and then directly into a collection tube without being exposed to the air or outside contaminants
evacuated tube system
three basic components of an evacuated tube system
tube holder
special blood-drawing needle
various types of evacuated tubes
a clear, plastic, disposable cylinder with a small threaded opening at one end (often also called a hub) where the needle is screwed into it and a large opening at the other end where the collection tube is placed
evacuated tube holder/adapter
Premeasured vacuum, Some contain additives, Some have splash guards
Evacuated collection tubes
any substance placed within a tube other than the tube stopper
additives
function of additives
preventing clotting or preserving certain blood components.
Evacuated tubes fill with blood automatically because there is what present in them?
Vacuum
Define “short draw”
Underfilled tube
Difference between solid caps and translucent caps
Solid caps have regular vacuum while translucent caps have reduced vacuum
Most plastic tubes, used for clearing or discard purposes only
Non-additive tubes
tops, or closures are typically made of rubber
stoppers
what are color coded in tubes?
Tube stoppers
What does the color of a tube stopper imply?
Identifies a type of additive placed in the tube by the manufacturer for a specific purpose
Manufacturers guarantee reliability of additives and tube vacuum until an expiration date printed on the label, provided the tubes are handled properly and stored between what temperature?
4 and 25C
System sometimes used for patients with small or difficult veins
Syringe system
Usual appropriate syringe needles for phlebotomy procedures
gauges 21 to 23, in 1- or 1.5-in. lengths
most common volumes for phlebotomy syringes
2, 5, and 10ml
How is syringe volume selected?
size and condition of the patient’s vein and the amount of blood to be collected
parts of a syringe
barrel
plunger
Allows the safe transfer of blood into the tubes without using the syringe needle or removing the tube stopper
Syringe transfer device
Where is the syringe transfer device attached to?
Hub of the syringe
A transfer device must be ______ when tubes are being filled in order to prevent blood in the tube from touching the needle in the transfer device
Vertical
T/F You can use both hands to shift or remove the cap.
False, only one hand
T/F Fish out the cover; don’t secure with two hands
True
disposable, narrow-bore plastic or plastic-clad glass capillary tubes that fill by capillary action and typically hold 50 to 75 µL of blood
capillary tubes
what is used to seal the capillary tube
clay
special small plastic tubes used to collect the tiny amounts of blood obtained from capillary punctures
microcollection tubes
