Acronyms

Question 1

ARP

Answer 1

Address Resolution Protocol is used to map IP network addresses to the hardware addresses used by a data link protocol

Question 2

MAC

Answer 2

Media Access Control is the physical address associated with a device

Question 3

MTU

Answer 3

Maximum Transmission Unit is how big a frame can be.

Question 4

CSMA /CD

Answer 4

Carrier Sensing Multiple Access / Collision Detection is used usually in a hub environment to help with multiple broadcast occuring at the same time. Not needed for switches.

Question 5

CSMA /CA

Answer 5

Carrier Sensing Multiple Access / Collision Avoidance is used when multiple broadcasts are occuring within a hub like environment. Not needed for a switch environment.

Question 6

STP

Answer 6

Spanning Tree Protocol prevents bridge loops and the broadcast radiation that results from them.

Question 7

Broadcast

Answer 7

Traffic intended for all devices on a network.

Question 8

Multicast

Answer 8

Traffic intended for a group of devices. (multicast group)

Question 9

Unicast

Answer 9

Traffic intended for a single device. Ex: Printing to a printer

Question 10

HUB

Answer 10

are devices with no intelligence or ip address. They replicated data to all devices connected within it. They aren’t used very much anymore since Switches and Routers can do much more.

Question 11

Switch

Answer 11

a hardware device that filters and forwards network packets, but is often not capable of much more. Used at Layer 2.

Question 12

Router

Answer 12

A device designed to receive, analyze and move incoming packets to another network. It may also be used to convert the packets to another network interface, drop them, and perform other actions relating to a network

Question 13

VLAN

Answer 13

Virtual Local Area Network is a layer 2 boundary that determines how far a broadcast will go inside of a network infrastructure.

Question 14

Access Ports

Answer 14

a type of connection on a switch that is used to connect a guest virtual machine that is VLAN unaware. This port provides the virtual machine with connectivity through a switch that is VLAN aware without requiring it to support VLAN tagging.

Question 15

Trunk

Answer 15

a communications line or link designed to carry multiple signals simultaneously to provide network access between two points. Trunks typically connect switching centers in a communications system

Question 16

802.1Q

Answer 16

a protocol that labels or tags a frame with a vlan so another switch can know what vlan the mac address is associated with.

Question 17

BPDU

Answer 17

Bridge Protocol Data Unit is a data message transmitted across a local area network to detect loops in network topologies

Question 18

Root Bridge

Answer 18

Is the top level of the spanning tree protocol.

Question 19

Root Port

Answer 19

is the port the switch chooses for its overall best path to the root switch.

Question 20

Switch Loop

Answer 20

occures when there is more than one Layer 2 (OSI model) path between two endpoints (e.g. multiple connections between two network switches or two ports on the same switch connected to each other).

Question 21

Port Forwarding

Answer 21

a networking technique through which a gateway or similar device transmits all incoming communication/traffic of a specific port to the same port on any internal network node

Question 22

IP Forwarding

Answer 22

The process uses routing information to make decisions and is designed to send a packet over multiple networks

Question 23

POE

Answer 23

Power over Ethernet is a term used for providing dc power from a switch over an ethernet cable to a device. (Ex: Access Point)

Question 24

DMZ

Answer 24

A Demilitarized zone is a physical or logical subnetwork that contains and exposes an organization’s external-facing services to an untrusted network, usually a larger network such as the Internet. It is neither internal or external itself.

Question 25

Port Mirroring

Answer 25

Copies ports to another device to either be used or analyzed. Ciscos version is called SPAN (switched port analyzer)

Question 26

IP Routing

Answer 26

IP routing enables two or more devices on different TCP/IP networks to connect with each other.

Question 27

ICMP

Answer 27

Internet Control Message Protocol is an error reporting protocol that is used by routers, hosts and network devices to generate error messages when there are problems delivering IP packets. (Ex: pinging)

Question 28

Ring Topology

Answer 28

a “logical” ring not physical. Data travels in a circular fashion from one computer to another on the network. hubs and switches are not needed.

Question 29

Star Topology

Answer 29

connects all devices to a central hub or switch. It creates a single point of failure if the hub or switch is disconnected. cable failure only affects a single user.

Question 30

Bus Topology

Answer 30

all devices connect to a single line or “backbone”. If the line breaks at any point it causes disconnections for everyone.

Question 31

Mesh Topology

Answer 31

a topology where all devices are connected to each other. This uses a lot of cable and has a high redundancy. If one or multiple lines break the device will just be rerouted thru the network. This is popular for servers.