Acronyms

Question 1

What are the refractory causes for AKI / indications for dialysis?

Answer 1

AEIOU
Acidosis
Electrolyte imbalance
Intoxicants (methanol, lithium, salicylates)
Overload
Uraemia

Question 2

What does SAWEMAIL stand for?

Answer 2

Symptoms of depression:

Sleep disturbance
Appetite reduced
Weight loss
Energy low
Mood low
Anhedonia
Irritability
Libido loss

Question 3

What are the features of a manic episode?

Answer 3

Mood: elevated, excited, enthusiastic
Activity increased
Naughty: spending sprees, use of alcohol & drugs, increased sexual activity
Insomnia
Confidence increased

Question 4

ALARMS symptoms for dyspepsia?

Answer 4

Anaemia
Loss of weight
Anorexia
Recent onset / progressive symtpoms
Melena / haematemesis
Swallowing difficulty

Question 5

HOW YOU WOULD LIKE TO INVESTIGATE THIS PATIENT???

Answer 5

BOXES
Bloods + cannulate, VBG and venous bloods (e.g. FBC, U&E, LFTs, amylase, INR), ABG, blood cultures, cap glucose
Orifices (sputum culture, stool culture, nasal swabs, urine dip / culture, pregnancy test)
X-rays / scans
ECG
Special tests

Question 6

Causes of proximal muscle weakness

Answer 6

DENIM
Dystrophies (Becker’s, muscular, Duchenne, FSHD, limb girdle)
Endocrine (Cushing’s, hypothyroidism, thyrotoxicosis, diabetic amyotrophy)
Neuromuscular (MG, LES)
Inflammatory (dermato-/polymyositis, inclusion body myositis)
Mitochondrial / metabolic disease

Question 7

Causes of Bilateral LMN weakness can be divided how?

What is the acronym to remember the causes for the one?

Answer 7

Sensory involvement or only motor
Causes of sensory and motor polyneuropathy:
VIT DIM
Vasculitis (Churg-Strauss, Wegener's, SLE, RA, PAN)
Infectious (GBS, HIV, Syphilis)
Toxins (lead, amiodarone, alcohol)
Diabetes
Inherited (CMT, porphyrias)
Metabolic (B12 or thiamine)