Acronyms

Question 1

ACPA (Anti-cybersquatting Consumer Protection Act)

Answer 1

An act that allows trademark owners to challenge foreign cybersquatters otherwise beyond the jurisdiction of U.S. courts.

Question 2

AIA (Leahy-Smith America Invents Act)

Answer 2

An act that changed the U.S. patent system so that the first person to file with the U.S. Patent and Trademark Office will receive the patent, not necessarily the person who actually invented the item first.

Question 3

APT (Advanced Persistent Threat)

Answer 3

A network attack in which an intruder gains access to a network and stays there—undetected—with the intention of stealing data over a long period of time (weeks or even months).

Question 4

AUP (Acceptable Use Policy)

Answer 4

A document that stipulates restrictions and
practices that a user must agree in order to use organizational computing and
network resources.

Question 5

BYOD (Bring Your Own Device)

Answer 5

A business policy that permits—and in some
cases, encourages—employees to use their own mobile devices (smartphones,
tablets, or laptops) to access company computing resources and applications,
including email, corporate databases, the corporate intranet, and the internet.

Question 6

CAPTCHA (Completely Automated Public Turing Test to Tell Computers and Humans Apart)

Answer 6

Software that generates and grades tests that humans can pass and all but the most sophisticated computer programs cannot.

Question 7

CDS (Clinical Decision Support)

Answer 7

A process and a set of tools designed to enhance healthcare-related decision making through the use of clinical knowledge and patient-specific information to improve healthcare delivery.

Question 8

CDA (Communications Decency Act)

Answer 8

Title V of the Telecommunications Act, it aimed at protecting children from pornography, including imposing $250,000 fines and prison terms of up to two years for the transmission of “indecent” material over the internet.

Question 9

COPA (Child Online Protection Act)

Answer 9

An act signed into law in 1998 with the aim of
prohibiting the making of harmful material available to minors via the internet;
the law was ultimately ruled largely unconstitutional.

Question 10

COPPA: (Children’s Online Privacy Protection Act)

Answer 10

An act that requires U.S.-based
websites that collect personal information from people under the age of 13 to
obtain permission from parents or guardians before asking for such data.

Question 11

CIPA (Children’s Internet Protection Act)

Answer 11

An act passed in 2000; it required
federally financed schools and libraries to use some form of technological
protection (such as an internet filter) to block computer access to obscene
material, pornography, and anything else considered harmful to minors.

Question 12

CPOE System (Computerized Provider Order Entry System)

Answer 12

A system that enables physicians to place orders—for drugs, laboratory tests, radiology, or physical therapy—electronically, with the orders transmitted directly to the recipient.

Question 13

CAN-SPAM Act (Controlling the Assault of Non-Solicited Pornography and Marketing Act)

Answer 13

A law specifying that it is legal to spam, provided the messages meet a few basic requirements: spammers cannot disguise their identity by using a false return address, the email must include a label specifying that it is an ad or a solicitation, and the email must include a way for recipients to indicate that they do not want future mass mailings.

Question 14

CDS (Clinical Decision Support)

Answer 14

A process and set of tools designed to enhance health-related decision making using clinical knowledge and patient-specific information

Question 15

CSR (Corporate Social Responsibility)

Answer 15

The concept that an organization should act
ethically by taking responsibility for the impact of its actions on its shareholders,
consumers, employees, community, environment, and suppliers.

Question 16

CPC (Cost Per Click)

Answer 16

One of the two common methods of charging for paid media in which ads are paid for only when someone actually clicks on them.

Question 17

CPM (Post Per Thousand Impressions)

Answer 17

One of the two common methods of charging for paid media in which ads are billed at a flat rate per 1,000 impressions, which is a measure of the number of times an ad is displayed whether it was actually clicked on or not.

Question 18

CPM (Post Per Thousand Impressions)

Answer 18

One of the two common methods of charging for paid media in which ads are billed at a flat rate per 1,000 impressions, which is a measure of the number of times an ad is displayed whether it was actually clicked on or not.

Question 19

DDS (Decision Support System)

Answer 19

A business information system used to improve decision making in a variety of industries. A DSS can develop accurate forecasts of customer demand, recommend stocks and bonds, or schedule shift workers to minimize cost while meeting customer service goals.

Question 20

DHS (Department of Homeland Security)

Answer 20

A large federal agency with more than 240,000 employees and a budget of almost $65 billion whose goal is to provide for a “safer, more secure America, which is resilient against terrorism and other potential threats.”

Question 21

DMCA (Digital Millennium Copyright Act)

Answer 21

Signed into law in 1998, the act
addresses a number of copyright-related issues, with Title II of the act providing
limitations on the liability of an Internet service provider for copyright
infringement.

Question 22

DDoS Attack (Distributed Denial-of-Service Attack)

Answer 22

An attack in which a malicious
hacker takes over computers via the internet and causes them to flood a target
site with demands for data and other small tasks.

Question 23

DTSA (Defend Trade Secrets Act)

Answer 23

Amended the EEA (see below) to create a federal civil remedy for trade secret misappropriation.

Question 24

EEA (Economic Espionage Act)

Answer 24

An act passed in 1996 to help law enforcement agencies pursue economic espionage. It imposes penalties of up to $10 million and 15 years in prison for the theft of trade secrets.

Question 25

EHR (Electronic Health Record)

Answer 25

A comprehensive view of the patient’s complete medical history designed to be shared with authorized providers and staff from more than one organization.

Question 26

EMR (Electronic Medical Record)

Answer 26

A collection of health-related information on an individual that is created, managed, and consulted by authorized clinicians and staff within a single healthcare organization.

Question 27

EPEAT (Electronic Product Environmental Assessment Tool)

Answer 27

A system that enables purchasers to evaluate, compare, and select electronic products based on a total of 51 environmental criteria.

Question 28

FCPA (Foreign Corrupt Practices Act)

Answer 28

An act that makes it a crime to bribe a foreign official, a foreign political party official, or a candidate for foreign political office

Question 29

FERPA (Family Educational Rights and Privacy Act)

Answer 29

A federal law that assigns
certain rights to parents regarding their children’s educational records.

Question 30

HIE (Health Information Exchange)

Answer 30

The process of sharing patient-level electronic health information between different organizations.

Question 31

HIPPA (Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act)

Answer 31

An act that required
national standards to protect patients’ health information from being disclosed
without their consent.

Question 32

HITECH Act (Health Information Technology for Economic and Clinical Health Act)

Answer 32

A program to incentivize physicians and hospitals to implement such systems. Under this act, increased Medicaid and Medicare reimbursements are made to doctors and hospitals that demonstrate “meaningful use” of EHR (Electronic Health Record) technology.

Question 33

ICANN (Internet Corporation for Assigned Names)

Answer 33

a nonprofit corporation responsible for managing the internet’s domain name system.

Question 34

IDS (Intrusion Detection System)

Answer 34

Software or hardware (or both) that monitors system and network resources and activities and notifies network security personnel when it detects network traffic that attempts to circumvent the security measures of a networked computer environment.

Question 35

ISAE No. 3402 (International Standard on Assurance Engagements No. 3402)

Answer 35

Developed to provide an international assurance standard for allowing public accountants to issue a report for use by user organizations and their auditors (user auditors) on the controls at a service organization that are likely to impact or be a part of the user organization’s system of internal control over financial reporting.

Question 36

ISO 9001 Family of Standards (International Organization for Standardization 9001 Family of Standards)

Answer 36

A set of standards written to serve as a guide to quality products, services, and management. It provides a set of standardized requirements for a quality management system.

Question 37

NGFW (Next-Generation Firewall)

Answer 37

A hardware- or software-based network security system that detects and blocks attacks by filtering network traffic based on the packet contents.

Question 38

PAPA

Answer 38

Privacy, Accuracy, Property, Access

Question 39

PHR (Personal Health Record)

Answer 39

] Information from the electronic health record (EHR) that are routinely shared with the patient—such as personal identifiers, contact information, health provider information, problem list, medication history, allergies, immunizations, and lab and test results.

Question 40

PRO-IP Act (Prioritizing Resources and Organization for Intellectual Property Act)

Answer 40

An act that created the position of Intellectual Property Enforcement Coordinator within the Executive Office of the President. It also increased trademark and copyright enforcement and substantially increased penalties for infringement.

Question 41

PEO (Professional Employer Organization)

Answer 41

A business entity that co-employs the employees of its clients and typically assumes responsibility for all human resource management functions.

Question 42

RWB (Reporters without Borders)

Answer 42

An NGO (nongovernmental organization) that promotes and defends freedom of information and freedom of the press around the world.

Question 43

SIIA (Software & Information Industry Association)

Answer 43

A trade group that represents the world’s largest software and hardware manufacturers.

Question 44

SSAE No. 16 Audit Report (Statement on Standards for Attestation Engagements No. 16 Audit Report)

Answer 44

An auditing standard issued by the Auditing Standards Board of AICPA (the American Institute of Certified Public Accountants). It demonstrates that an outsourcing firm has effective internal controls in accordance with the Sarbanes Oxley Act of 2002.

Question 45

SLAPP (Strategic Lawsuit Against Public Participation)

Answer 45

A lawsuit filed by
corporations, government officials, and others against citizens and community
groups who oppose them on matters of concern. Such lawsuits typically are
without merit and are used to intimidate critics.

Question 46

TLS (Transport Layer Security)

Answer 46

A communications protocol or system of rules that ensures privacy between communicating applications and their users on the internet.

Question 47

US-CERT (U.S. Computer Emergency Readiness Team)

Answer 47

Established in 2003 to protect the nation’s internet infrastructure against cyberattacks and serves as a clearinghouse for information on new viruses, worms, and other computer security topics.

Question 48

UTSA (Uniform Trade Secrets Act)

Answer 48

An act drafted in the 1970s to bring uniformity to all the United States in the area of trade secret law.

Question 49

WTO TRIPS Agreement (World Trade Organization Agreement on Trade-Related Aspects of Intellectual Property Rights)

Answer 49

An agreement of the WTO that requires member governments to ensure that intellectual property rights can be enforced under their laws and that penalties for infringement are tough enough to deter further violations