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A+ 220-1101 > Acronyms > Flashcards

Acronyms Flashcards

1
Q

TCP

A

Transmission Control Protocol
A protocol used within IP. Operates on the transport layer of OSI (OSI Layer 4)
Provides “reliable delivery” (receipts, management of retransmission, sorting of out-of-order messages) and has formal procedures for opening and closing connections (“connection-oriented”). Also provides flow control, so the receiver can manage the data transfer rate.

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2
Q

UDP

A

User Datagram Protocol
A protocol used within IP.
Operates on the transport layer of OSI (OSI Layer 4)
“Connectionless” and “unreliable”. Basically just sending the information over without formal opening-and-closing and also without error-checking, receipts, etc. Important for real-time and/or fast-paced communication, like video chatting.

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3
Q

OSI

A

Open Systems Interconnection
Conceptual model from the International Organization for Standardization (ISO) that “provides a common basis for the coordination of standards development for the purpose of systems interconnection.”
Has 7 layers:
7) Application Layer
6) Presentation Layer
5) Session Layer
4) Transport Layer
3) Network Layer
2) Data link Layer
1) Physical Layer

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4
Q

DHCP

A

Dynamic Host Configuration Protocol
Protocol that allows a DHCP server (such as on a dedicated server, a SOHO router, etc.) to automatically assign IP addys and configure subnet masks etc. for devices on the network. Assigned addys are leased and returned to the pool once the device is no longer on the network to renew the lease, but a DHCP console can be set to assign the same IP to a certain device every time using its MAC address.

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5
Q

HTTPS

A

HyperText Transfer Protocol Secure

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6
Q

SSH

A

Secure SHell
Provides an encrypted terminal/command line connection to a remote device.

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7
Q

MDM

A

Mobile Device Management

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8
Q

Li-ion

A

Lithium Ion

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9
Q

LiPo

A

Lithium Ion Polymer

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10
Q

SO-DIMM

A

Small Outline - Dual In-line Memory Module
Type of memory module for RAM used by laptops (full-size setups drop the “small outline” part and just use DIMM).

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11
Q

SATA

A

Serial Advanced Technology Attachment
a computer bus interface that connects host bus adapters to mass storage devices such as hard disk drives, optical drives, and solid-state drives.

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12
Q

HDD

A

Hard-Disk Drive

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13
Q

SSD

A

Solid-State Drive

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14
Q

NFC

A

Near Field Communication
Type of Wi-Fi used by paying with your phone, badges, and amiibos

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15
Q

WLAN

A

Wireless Local Area Network

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16
Q

WWAN

A

Wireless Wide Area Network
The type of network provided by cellular networks.

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17
Q

PCI

A

Peripheral Component Interconnect
The local computer bus for attaching devices in a computer (such as network cards)

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18
Q

LCD

A

Liquid Crystal Display
Light shines through liquid crystal (and other filters) to provide an image. They are lightweight, cheap, and low-power, but need a backlight and do poorly with shades of black due to the backlight.

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19
Q

TN LCD

A

Twisted Nematic Liquid Crystal Display
A type of LCD that provides very fast response times at the expense of poor viewing angles (i.e. color shifting when viewed at an angle)

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20
Q

IPS LCD

A

In Plane Switching Liquid Crystal Display
A type of LCD that provides better colors but at a higher cost.

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21
Q

VA LCD

A

Vertical Alignment Liquid Crystal Display
A compromise between the nice color of IPS and the response of TN, but still slower than TN.

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22
Q

OLED

A

Organic Light Emitting Diode
A display where organic compounds emit light when given an electric current. Lightweight like an LCD but doesn’t require a backlight and provides better colors. However, it is more expensive.

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23
Q

CCFL

A

Cold Cathode Fluorescent Lamp
A type of backlight used in older laptops. Compared to an array of LEDs favored by modern laptops, CCFLs are bulky, consume more power, and require the use of an inverter to convert DC power into AC for the CCFL, so they are falling out of favor.

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24
Q

USB

A

Universal Serial Bus

25
Q

DB-9

A

D-Subminiature 9-pin Serial Connection
The standard for serial communications before USB showed up. Still used on some older devices, especially as a config port on things like switches, routers, firewalls, etc.

26
Q

DE-9

A

D-Subminiature 9-pin Serial Connection
The standard for serial communications before USB showed up. Still used on some older devices, especially as a config port on things like switches, routers, firewalls, etc.

27
Q

RS-232

A

Recommended Standard 232
An older standard for serial communication transmission of data, used commonly by old DB-9 connections. Mostly supplanted by later standards like USB and ethernet.

28
Q

PAN

A

Personal Area Network
The type of network facilitated by bluetooth.

29
Q

3.5mm TRRS

A

3.5mm Tip-Ring-Ring-Sleeve
Phone connector for analog audio signals. Used for headphone with mic and/or video with stereo audio.

30
Q

GSM

A

Global System for Mobile communications
Originally the EU standard for cellular, but later became global. Uses SIM cards to move phone numbers (& stuff) between devices. Uses multiplexing for many users on the same frequency “everyone gets their slice of time in one area”

31
Q

CDMA

A

Code Division Multiple Access
A cellular standard where everyone communicates at the same time, with each call using its own code to filter out unrelated signals. Not very popular.

32
Q

SIM

A

Subscriber Identity Module

33
Q

LTE

A

Long-Term Evolution
A 4G technology that gives both GSM and CDMA providers an enhanced data rate (up to 150 Mbit/s)

34
Q

EDGE

A

Enhanced Data rates for GSM Evolution

35
Q

LTE-A

A

Long-Term Evolution Advanced
An upgraded version of the 4G LTE that gives speeds up to 300 Mbit/s

36
Q

IoT

A

Internet of Things

37
Q

OTA

A

Over-The-Air

38
Q

PRL

A

Preferred Roaming List
update used for your phone to tell it which tower to connect to. (used only by CDMA)

39
Q

FTP

A

File Transfer Protocol
Standard communication protocol used for the transfer of files over a network. Can use authentication. Also allows file management, such as listing, deleting, and so on.

40
Q

Telnet

A

Telecommunication Network
Provides an in-the-clear (unencrypted) text-based console connection to a remote device.

41
Q

SMTP

A

Simple Mail Transfer Protocol
Communication protocol used for e-mail servers to communicate with each other and also for e-mail clients to talk to servers (but clients use other protocols for reception, such as IMAP)

42
Q

DNS

A

Domain Name System
Protocol that resolves URLs to IP addresses to connect to websites. Crucial service since IP addresses can change without notice, so many are usually in production.

43
Q

SOHO

A

Small Office/Home Office (router)

44
Q

POP3

A

Post Office Protocol v3
A basic e-mail transfer protocol, used by some clients to receive mail from an e-mail server.

45
Q

IMAP

A

Internet Message Access Protocol v4
Protocol for receiving mail and managing inboxes. Includes support for multiple clients on the same inbox.

46
Q

SMB

A

Server Message Block
Also called CIFS, this is a protocol used by Windows to share files, printers, serial ports, and misc. communication between nodes on a network.

47
Q

CIFS

A

Common Internet File System
Another name for later versions of SMB, this is a protocol used by Windows to share files, printers, serial ports, and misc. communication between nodes on a network.

48
Q

BIOS

A

Basic Input/Output System

49
Q

NetBIOS

A

Network Basic Input/Output System
Used by older devices to support SMB communication.

50
Q

SNMP

A

Simple Network Management Protocol
A protocol that allows for querying network devices for stats and getting the info in return. Can also use “traps” to monitor for certain metrics and trigger alerts on the management device when they are exceeded.

51
Q

LDAP

A

Lightweight Directory Access Protocol
A protocol that allows for querying, storage, and retrieval of info in a network directory. There are many implementations that use it, but one of the most popular is Microsoft Active Directory

52
Q

RDP

A

Remote Desktop Protocol
Microsoft protocol allowing for a GUI connection to a remote device. Many other OS can load an application that can connect to RDP.

53
Q

NIC

A

Network Interface Card

54
Q

ONT

A

Optical Network Terminal
A box (usually on the outside of a residence) that connects the ISP’s fiber to the building’s copper network.

55
Q

ADSL

A

Asymmetric Digital Subscriber Line
Modem type that uses phone lines for connection. Most DSLs are actually ADSLs, (assymemtric being about the much faster download speeds compared to upload speeds)

56
Q

DOCSIS

A

Data Over Cable Service Interface Specification
Standard for sending internet data over a cable network.

57
Q

STP

A

Spanning Tree Protocol
Protocol available on managed switches that prevents loops between multiple switches on a network.

58
Q

ASIC

A

Application-Specific Integrated Circuit

A+ 220-1101 (2 decks)

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