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Cyber Learnings > Acronyms !! > Flashcards

Acronyms !! Flashcards

1
Q

AUP

A

Acceptable user policy – determines what is and what is not permitted on the network.

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2
Q

AP

A

Access Point

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3
Q

OID

A

Object identifiers

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4
Q

RAT

A

Remote Access Trojan

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5
Q

MAC

A

Mandatory Access Control – refers to a type of access control by which the operating system or database constrains the ability of a subject or initiator to access or generally perform some sort of operation on an object or target.

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6
Q

AAA

A

Authentication, Authorization, and Accounting

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7
Q

DAC

A

Discretionary access control – (DAC) model assigns an owner to an object, and the owner establishes access to users for the objects.

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8
Q

TAP

A

Test Access Point – a device that copies signals from the physical layer and the data link layer. Since no network or transport logic is used, every frame is received, allowing reliable packet monitoring.

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9
Q

MAM

A

Mobile Application Management – sets policies for apps that can process corporate data and prevents data transfer to personal apps. This type of solution configures an enterprise-managed container or workspace.

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10
Q

UEM

A

Unified Endpoint Management – is a suite of applications and features that extends the concept of network access control (NAC) solutions to the mobile device. UEM may include MAM.

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11
Q

NAC

A

Network Access control – an approach to computer security that attempts to unify endpoint security technology, user or system authentication and network security enforcement.

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12
Q

ARP

A

Address Resolution Protocol

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13
Q

DNS

A

Domain Name System

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14
Q

IP

A

Internet Protocol

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15
Q

RDP

A

Remote Desktop Protocol – is Microsoft’s protocol for operating remote connections to a Windows machine.

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16
Q

VPN

A

Virtual Private Network

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17
Q

RAM

A

Random Access Memory

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18
Q

SOAR

A

Security Orchestration, Automation, and Response. SOAR allows better response when the volume of alerts becomes overwhelming.

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19
Q

SEDS

A

Self-encrypting drives

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20
Q

FPGA

A

Field Programmable Gate Arrays – are semiconductor devices that contain programmable logic blocks and interconnection circuits. These devices can be programmed and reprogrammed to meet the required functionality. Difficulty in updating and patching is often a downfall of embedded systems such as FPGAs.

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21
Q

OT

A

Operational Technology

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22
Q

FQDN

A

Fully Qualified Domain Name

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23
Q

DNSSEC

A

Domain Name System Security Extensions

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24
Q

DHCP

A

Dynamic Host Configuration Protocol

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25
Q

SFTP

A

Secure File Transfer Protocol

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26
Q

FTP

A

File Transfer Protocol

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27
Q

TFTP

A

Trivial File Transfer Protocol – is a simple protocol for exchanging files between two TCP/IP machines. TFTP servers allow connections from a TFTP Client for sending and receiving files.

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28
Q

CIRT

A

Cyber Incident Response Team

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29
Q

HIPS

A

Host-based Intrusion Prevention System

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30
Q

OS

A

Operating System

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31
Q

SIEM

A

Security Information and Event Management

32
Q

MiTM

A

A man-in-the-middle

33
Q

DMZ

A

Demilitarized Zone

34
Q

HSM

A

Hardware Security Model – a physical device that provides extra security for sensitive data.

35
Q

LAN

A

Local Area Network – a collection of devices connected together in one physical location, such as a building, office, or home.

36
Q

VLAN

A

Virtual Local Area Network – any broadcast domain that is partitioned and isolated in a computer network at the data link layer.

37
Q

API

A

Application Programming Interface – The word Application refers to any software with a distinct function. Interface can be thought of as a contract of service between two applications. This contract defines how the two communicate with each other using requests and responses.

38
Q

PKI

A

Public key infrastructure

39
Q

VDE

A

Virtual Desktop Environments

40
Q

IRP

A

Incident Response Plan (also known as a playbook)

41
Q

CVE

A

Common Vulnerabilities and Exposures

42
Q

CVSS

A

Common Vulnerability Scoring System

43
Q

RFC

A

Requests for Comments

44
Q

IETF

A

Internet Engineering Task Force

45
Q

NIST

A

National Institute of Standards and Technology – Information security and cybersecurity tasks can be classified as five functions (Identify, Protect, Detect, Respond, Recover), following the framework developed by the National Institute of Standards and Technology.

46
Q

PCI DSS

A

Payment Card Industry Data Security Standard – defines the safe handling and storage of financial information.

47
Q

GDPR

A

General Data Protection Regulation – means that personal data cannot be collected, processed, or retained without the individual’s informed consent.

48
Q

CIS

A

Center for Internet Security – is a not-for-profit organization founded partly by The SANS Institute. It publishes the well-known “The 20 CIS Controls.”

49
Q

AI

A

Artificial intelligence

50
Q

CSP

A

Cloud Service Provider

51
Q

CTI

A

Cyber threat intelligence

52
Q

OSINT

A

Open source intelligence

53
Q

TPM

A

Trusted platform module – is a specification for hardware-based storage of encryption keys, hashed passwords, and other user and platform identification information.

54
Q

NFC

A

Near Field communications

55
Q

SOA

A

Service Oriented Architecture

56
Q

SDN

A

Software Defined Network

57
Q

IOT

A

Internet of Things

58
Q

IdP

A

Identity Provider

59
Q

IdP

A

Identity Provider

60
Q

SSO

A

Single Sign On

61
Q

RFID

A

Radio Frequency Identification – commonly used for asset management as tags. It is a chip programmed with asset data.

62
Q

STP

A

Spanning Tree Protocol – is a means for the bridges to organize themselves into a hierarchy and prevent loops from forming.

63
Q

SoC

A

System on Chip – is a design where processors, controllers, and devices are provided on a single processor die (or chip). Raspberry Pi and Arduino are examples of SoC boards.

64
Q

FGPA

A

Field Programmable Gate Array – a type of controller that can be configured with programming logic onboard the device to run a specific application. Difficulty in updating is often a downfall of many embedded systems.

65
Q

PLC

A

Programmable Logic Controller – They are industrial computers used to control different electro-mechanical processes for use in manufacturing, plants, or other automation environments.

66
Q

RTOS

A

Real-Time Operating System

67
Q

AES

A

Advanced Encryption Standard

68
Q

OAuth

A

Open Authorization – a protocol often implemented for authentication and authorization for RESTful application programming interface (API). It is designed to facilitate sharing of information (resources) within a user profile between sites.

69
Q

OIDC

A

OpenID Connect – is an authentication protocol that can be implemented as special types of OAuth flows with precisely defined token fields.

70
Q

SDV

A

Software-defined visibility – supports assessment and incident response functions. Visibility is the near real-time collection, aggregation, and reporting of data about network traffic.

71
Q

CA

A

Certificate Authority

72
Q

PHI

A

Personal health information

73
Q

PII

A

Personally identifiable information

74
Q

ACL

A

Access Control List

75
Q

ARO

A

Annualized rate of occurrence

76
Q

ALE

A

Annualized loss expectancy – The amount that would be lost over the course of a year. This amount is determined by multiplying the SLE by the annualized rate of occurrence (ARO).

77
Q

SLE

A

Single loss expectancy – is the amount that would be lost in a single occurrence of the risk factor. This amount is determined by multiplying the value of the asset by an exposure factor (EF).

Cyber Learnings (12 decks)

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