Acquired Heart Defects Flashcards
What are the learning objectives related to acquired heart diseases?
Present the acquired heart diseases, analyze the most frequent ones, suggest further reading
Key areas include anatomy, pathophysiology, diagnosis, treatment, and outcomes.
List the four main heart valves.
- Mitral valve
- Aortic valve
- Tricuspid valve
- Pulmonary valve
What are the types of heart valve dysfunctions?
- Stenosis
- Regurgitation
- Mixed stenosis/regurgitation
Name some acquired causes of heart valve diseases.
- Rheumatic disease
- Infection (endocarditis)
- Ischaemic disease
- Inflammatory disorders
- Connective disorders
- Trauma
What are the types of aortic valve procedures?
- Aortic valve repair
- Aortic valve replacement
- Aortic valve procedure with leaflets extension
- Ross procedure
- Homograft
What are the two main types of aortic valves used in replacement?
- Mechanical valve
- Biological valve
What is the OZAKI technique?
Preparation of the autologous pericardium for aortic valve repair
This technique shapes pericardial patches to match the leaflet free edges.
What was the percentage of patients undergoing mechanical valve replacement in the STS adult database?
34%
What is the 30-day mortality rate for aortic valve replacement?
1.0%
True or False: The literature on aortic valve repair is based solely on randomized controlled trials.
False
What are some drawbacks of available options for aortic valve repair?
- Mismatch between morphology and surgical technique
- Medium-long term outcomes difficult to predict
- Higher failure rate in certain patient demographics
What does TAVI stand for?
Trans-catheter Aortic Valve Implantation
What are the advantages of Trans-catheter Aortic Valve Implantation (TAVI) compared to Surgical Aortic Valve Replacement?
- Significant reduction of in-hospital stroke
- Major bleeding
- Acute kidney injury
- Pneumonia
- Length of hospital stay
What is the completion Bentall procedure associated with?
Aortic valve disease with ascending aorta aneurysm
Name some types of conduits for coronary artery bypass grafts.
- Saphenous vein
- Internal thoracic artery
- Radial artery
- Right gastro-epiploic artery
What is extracorporeal cardiac resuscitation?
A method of resuscitation that uses an external device to support or replace the function of the heart and lungs.
What is the focus of the article by Rajab TK, et al.?
Heart transplantation after cardiac death.
Fill in the blank: PTCA stands for _______.
[percutaneous transcatheter coronary artery angioplasty]
What is the title of the work by Mazzitelli D?
Complete aortic valve cusp replacement in the pediatric population
Published in Ann Thorac Surg 2015;100:1923-5
What is the focus of the meta-analysis conducted by Kim SJ et al.?
Comparing extracorporeal cardiopulmonary resuscitation with conventional cardiopulmonary resuscitation
Published in Resuscitation 2016;103:106-16
What emerging technologies and indications are discussed by Greutmann M et al.?
Percutaneous valve intervention in the adult heart disease population
Published in Can J Cardiol 2019;35:1740-9
What does the article by Abrams D et al. address?
Extracorporeal cardiopulmonary resuscitation in adults: evidence and implications
Published in Intensive Care Med 2022;48:1-15
What is the focus of Sharma A et al.’s research?
Emerging trends in mesenchymal stem cells applications for cardiac regenerative therapy
Published in Stem Cell Rev Rep 2022;18:1546-602
What topic is covered by Tarentini G et al. regarding transcatheter aortic valve replacement?
Transcatheter aortic valve replacement in failed transcatheter bioprosthetic valves
Published in JACC Cardiovasc Interv 2022;15:1777-93
