Acquired cardiovascular pathology Flashcards
What are the most common causes of hydropericardium
dilated cardiomyopathy
renal failure
What things can cause haemopericardium
Atrial haemagisarcoma and atrial rupture
Spontaneous rupture of right atrium
Haemorrhagic effusions (not full blood)
Portals of entry for pericarditis
Haematogenous dissemination
Direct entry via foreign body/thorax
Extension from the pleura
What infectious diseases can cause myocarditis
Parvo
Toxoplasmosis
Trypanosomiosis
Bacterial septicaemias
etc
What two presentations of parvo myocardial disease are there
1) Sudden death at 3-8 weeks from myocarditis
2) Later presentation due to firbosis in myocardium and scarring
What causes myocardial infarct
Thrombosis or embolism of coronary arteries e.g from atherosclerosis (hypothyroidism) or DIC
what deficiency is dilated cardiomyopathyin cats associated with
Taurine
What do we see in a heart with restrictive cardiomyopathy
Marked reduction in left ventricular lumen size
causes impaired ventricular filling so myocardial hypertrophy
What things can lead to restrictive cardiomyopathy
LV endocardial fibrosis
Excessive moderator bands between LV wall and septum which stops the chamber moving much
Causes of arterial mineralisation in endocardium
Vitamin D toxicosis (rare)
Uraemia from renal insufficiency
What can cause arterial aneurysm
Often idiopathic
Can be due to spirocerca lupi migration
What can cause arterial hypertrophy
Aeulurostrongylus abstrusus (cats)
Dirofilaria immitus (dogs)
Or idiopathic
Or due to obstruction causing hypertrophy
What can cats who look asthmatic actually have
Lungworm
What is arteriosclerosis
Fibrosis of the intimal layer, age related
Most often abdominal aorta
Rare
What is atherosclerosis and which diseases does it happen in
Where there are lipid deposits in intimal and medial layers
Hypothyroidism and hypercholesterolaemia