Acneiform Lesions Flashcards
define acne rosacea
a chronic inflammatory skin condition affecting convexities of the centrofacial region
describe the characteristic signs of acne rosacea
recurrent episodes of facial flushing
persistent erythema
telangiectasia
papules + pustules
triggers of acne rosacea
smoking
heat or cold ambient temps
spicy foods
alcohol
risk factors of acne rosacea
increased age
female sex
photosensitive skin type
smoking
conservative management of acne rosacea
avoid triggers
regular sunscreen use
use of camouflage creams
avoid products requiring solvent removal use
medical management of acne rosacea
topical antibiotic (e.g. metronidazole) topical alpha-adrenergic agonist azelaic acid (2%)
management of acne rosacea involving papules
oral antibiotic +/- topical ivermectin
e.g. doxycycline (40mg 1x 8-12wks)
definition of acne vulgaris
a chronic inflammatory skin condition that occurs due to inflammation and blockage of the pilosebaceous unit
risk factors of acne vulgaris
male sex adolescence \+ve FH of acne vulgaris high glycemic index diets PCOS
classification of mild acne vulgaris
non-inflammatory lesions with sparse inflammatory lesions
classification of moderate acne vulgaris
widespread non-inflammatory lesions with numerous papules + pustules
classification of severe acne vulgaris
widespread inflammatory papules, pustules, nodules and cysts
clinical features of acne vulgaris
seborrhoea (greasy skin)
comedones, papules and pustules
scarring
post-inflammatory depigmentation or hyperpigmentation
conservative management of acne vulgaris
wash face with soap and warm water 2x daily
avoid fragrant skin products
avoid greasy/heavy skin products
medical management of mild acne vulgaris
topical retinoid +/- benzoyl peroxide
topical anitbiotic
azelaic acid
medical management of moderate acne vulgaris
oral antibiotic (e.g. tetracycline)
if patient female:
- oral anti-androgen
medical management of severe acne vulgaris
oral retinoid (e.g. isotretinoin)
side effects of oral retinoids (e.g. isotretinoin)
dry mucous membranes
dry skin
headaches
hair thinning/loss
define folliculitis
an inflammation of hair follicles that causes formation of papules/pustules
causative organisms of folliculitis
staph aureus
pseudomonas
gram +ve bacteria
risk factors of folliculitis
male sex adolescence physical trauma/irritation long-term antibiotic or corticosteroid treatment tight clothing
clinical features of folliculitis
small pustules/papules in areas of hair growth
- often itchy, erythematous and tender
- lack hair shaft
indications for investigations in folliculitis
if recurrent, culture swab
if atypical response to treatment, consider punch biopsy
conservative management of folliculitis
use antibacterial soaps and maintain good skin hygiene
wear looser clothing
avoid high humidity environments
practice good shaving technique
