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Year 4 - Dermatology > Acne and Rosacea > Flashcards

Acne and Rosacea Flashcards

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Dermatology Board Prep flashcards
1
Q

Define acne

A

Chronic inflammatory disease of the pilosebaceous unit

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2
Q

What are the 4 main points in the pathogenesis of acne?

A

Poral occlusion
Bacterial colonisation
Dermal inflammation
Increased sebum production

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3
Q

How does poral occlusion come about in acne?

A

Ductal hyper-cornifcation
Cosmetic
Pre-menstrual oedema

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4
Q

Which bacteria is most likely to cause acne?

A

Propionobacterium acnes

Followed by staph epidermidis, malassezia furfur

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5
Q

True or false

More bacteria on the skin causes a more severe acne

A

False

No linked between number of bacteria and severity of acne

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6
Q

How does dermal inflammation come about in acne?

A

P. acnes produces proteases which cause ductal rupture leading to inflammation

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7
Q

How does increased sebum production come about in acne?

A

Affected by hormones acting on the androgen receptor in the sebaceous unit
Increased production of hormones or increased productiveness may be at fault
The high sebum conc encourages p acnes colonisation

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8
Q

What is mild acne?

A

Scattered papules and pustules

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9
Q

What is moderate acne?

A

Numerous papules, pustules and mild atrophic scarring

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10
Q

What is severe acne?

A

Numerous papules, pustules, cysts, nodules and significant scarring

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11
Q

List the aggravating factors for acne

A 
Menstruation
Sweating
UV radiation 
Job
Stress
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12
Q

What is the management for mild acne?

A

Topical therapy alone

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13
Q

What is the treatment for moderate acne?

A

Oral abx

CCP

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14
Q

What is the treatment for severe acne?

A

Roaccutane

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15
Q

Which topical treatment is used in rosacea?

A

Metronidzaole

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16
Q

Which topical treatment is used in acne?

A

Benzyl peroxide

17
Q

How does benzyl peroxide reduce acne?

A

Keratolytic to reduce duct occlusion and comedones

It is anti-comedonal, -inflammatory and -microbial

18
Q

Which three antibiotics are used most in the treatment of acne?

A

Clindamycin
Tetracycline
Erythromycin

19
Q

How do contraceptives help with acne?

A

Decreases the availability of free androgens to reduce sebum production

20
Q

What is the criteria for use of Roaccutane?

A 
Severe nodular-cystic
Scarring
Hypopigmentation
Psychological effects
Lack of response to other treatments
21
Q

How does Roaccutane reduce acne?

A

Works by various mechanisms to reduce sebaceous gland activity

22
Q

How is rosacea different from acne?

A

Normal sebum production

No comedones

23
Q

How does rosacea present?

A 
Papules, pustules, erythema
Telangiectasia 
Occular inflammation
Flushing
Rhinophyma
24
Q

How can rhinophyma be treated?

A

Laser treated

25
Q

How is rosacea managed?

A

Avoid triggers
Topical metronidazole
Oral abx
Roaccutane is very severe

26
Q

What are the common triggers for rosacea?

A

Spicy food
Sudden change in temp
Alcohol

Year 4 - Dermatology (7 decks)

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