ACLS In Practice Flashcards
What does ROSC stand for ?
Return of spontaneous circulation
What are the 5 links in adult chain of survival?
- Recognition and activation of ERS
- Early CPR/chest compressions
- Defibrillation
- Effective ACLS
- Integrated post cardiac care
What is BLS?
Basic life support
Involves CPR and airway management
What is ACLS?
Advanced cardiac life support
Includes possible intubation, IV access, medications
What does Initial CABD stand for?
Circulation-chest compressions
Airway-open airway
Breathing-ventilate patient
Defibrillation (for VF-ventricular fibrillation and VT-pulseless ventricular tachycardia)
How many chest compressions for BLS?
Compress at least 100/minute
How far should you compress the chest during compressions?
At least 2”
What is the ratio for chest compressions and breaths whether single or multiple responders?
30 compressions/2 breaths
What method do you use to open airway if no neck injury is suspected?
Basic CPR head-tilt, chin lift
What method do you use to open airway if suspected neck injury?
Jaw-thrust maneuver
What is the most important step in CABD of suspected VF?
Defibrillation in less than 10 minutes of collapse
What are the steps in using an AED?
Power on AED
Attach pads to patient
Analysis to detect shockable rhythm
Shock patient
What is the Progressive CABD steps?
Circulation-gain IV access, determine heart rhythm, give appropriate medication for that rhythm
Airway-insert advanced airway
Breathing- assess bilateral chest movement and ventilation
Differential diagnosis
What is cardioversion?
Restoring natural heart rhythm with shock
How do you assess bilateral chest movement?
Auscultation of five point technique
Left and right anterior chest
Left and right midaxillary points
Over stomach
How do you confirm endotracheal tube (ET) placement?
Waveform capnography or exhaled esophageal detector device. Chest C-Ray and arterial blood gas level evaluate adequate ventilation
What is hypoxia?
Decreased O2 in blood
What is acidosis?
Too much acid in blood (CO2)
What is hypervolemia?
Too much fluid volume in blood
Too much Na
Caused by CHF, kidney failure, liver failure
What is hyperkalemia?
Too much potassium (K) in blood
Caused by kidney failure, Addison’s disease
What is hypokalemia?
Too little potassium in blood
Caused by too many diuretics, kidney disease, alcoholism, diarrhea
What is cardiac tomponade?
Build up of fluids in between myocardium and pericardium
Ventricles can’t expand
Caused by MÍ and end stage lung cancer
What is tension pneumothorax?
Build up of air within pleural spaces usually due to lung laceration
What is coronary thrombosis?
Blood clot in a heart vessel
What is pulmonary thrombosis?
Blood clot in the lung
What are the steps in the Organized Team Approach?
Anticipation-rescuers preparations; gathering team, choosing leader, delineating duties, prep equipment, positioning rescuers
Entry- vital signs, BLS to ACLS, history of patient, vitals
Resuscitation-CAB, vitals every 5 minutes or change in status, state when procedures/medications administered
Maintenance-starts when vitals are stabilized
Family notification
Transfer-patient moves to another team
Debriefing-in another space; analyze performance of team
What are educational tools used for learning ACLS (flow charts)?
Treatment Algorithms
