Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

ACLS > ACLS > Flashcards

ACLS Flashcards

1
Q

Which two heart rhythms should be defibrillated?

A

Ventricular Tachycardia and Ventricular Fibrillation

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

What is the characteristics and treatment for Sinus Tachycardia?

A

ST: HR typically lower, P waves
Treat: dehydration, pain, fever

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

Can you have a pulse with ventricular fibrillation?

A

No, there is no cardiac output.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

What is the drug of choice for a SVT?

A

Adenosine 6mg IV, may repeat with Adenosine 12 mg IV.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

What is the first thing done for a patient with in pulseless VT?

A

CPR, defibrillate ASAP.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

What causes of PEA may be rapidly reversed if immediately treated?

A

Hypovolemia, hypoxia, Cardiac tamponade, and tension pneumothorax.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

What is the treatment for symptomatic sinus bradycardia?

A

Atropine 0.5 mg IV, if ineffective, consider pacing, dopamine drip or epinephrine drip.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

In what situation should resuscitative efforts be extended for a patient in asystole?

A

Drug overdose or hypothermia.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

What is the window of opportunity for using fibrinolytic agents in Acute MI vs Stroke?

A

From onset of symptoms:
MI: < 12 hours
Stroke: < 3 hours, can be unto 4.5 hours in select patients.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

Which drugs may be given down the ET tube? What are the doses?

A

Navel: Narcan, atropine, Vasopressin, Epinephrine, Lidocaine. Administer 2-2.5 times the usual dose.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

What is the treatment of choice for symptomatic tachycardias?

A

Cardio-version

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

What are the drugs of choice given during an arrest with ventricular fibrillation as the presenting rhythm?

A

Epinephrine and Amiodarone

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

How long should you stop compressions to do a pulse/ rhythm check?

A

No more than 10 seconds

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

You have just shocked your patient for Ventricular Fibrillation, what is your next step?

A

Chest compressions

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

What are the joule recommendations for Cardio-version?

A

50-100 joules Narrow regular
100-200 joules Narrow irregular
100 joules Wide regular

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

Why is waveform capnography now recommended in ACLS?

A

Monitor CPR quality, immediate knowledge of ROSC therefore minimizing pulse checks and ET tube monitoring.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

Capnography

A

The monitoring of the concentration or partial pressure of carbon dioxide (CO. 2) in the respiratory gases. Its main development has been as a monitoring tool for use during anesthesia and intensive care. It is usually presented as a graph of expiratory CO.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

What capnography measurement indicates that you should improve chest compression?

A

Less than 10.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

What capnography measurement indicates ROSC (return of spontaneous circulation?

A

35-40.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

When should you stop CPR to place an ET tube?

A

Only when absolutely necessary related to patient situation.

21
Q

What is the first drug given in all pulseless algorithms?

A

Epinephrine 1 mg IV/IO (1: 10,000)

22
Q

What is the dose of Amiodarone in the Cardiac arrest vs Stable Ventricular Tachycardia?

A

Arrest: 300 mg IV push

Stable VT: 150 mg IV over 10 minutes, may repeat prn.

23
Q

What is the first thing you should do for a patient presenting with chest pain?

A

12 lead EKG.

24
Q

What is the acronym that is commonly used for chest pain patients that helps guide treatment?

A

MONA: Morphine, Oxygen, Nitroglycerin, Aspirin (not in this order).

25
Q

When giving arrest IV meds through a peripheral IV, what should you do?

A

Flush with fluid bolus and elevate extremity.

26
Q

What are the presenting signs and symptoms of a stroke?

A

Altered LOC, intense headache, speech and vision disturbance, hearing loss, weakness, paralysis or sensory loss of one or more limbs.

27
Q

What is the initial response to a patient presenting with a stroke?

A

Neuro exam (NIH stroke scale, alert stroke team/ stroke hospital, non-contrast CT head)

28
Q

What are some conditions that mimic a stroke?

A

Hypoglycemia, head/neck trauma, brain tumor/hematoma, meningitis, encephalitis.

29
Q

In which type of stroke can you use Fibrinolytic therapy?

A

Ischemic, contraindicated for hemorrhagic.

30
Q

How do you open the airway in a patient with a suspected neck injury?

A

Jaw thrust maneuver while providing cervical stabilization.

31
Q

How do you treat a choking victim that has become unresponsive before relieving the obstruction?

A

Initiate CPR: Lay victim or floor, activate EMS, start compressions, if object seen may remove via finger sweep.

32
Q

What are the signs of a severe airway obstruction?

A

Weak, ineffective cough, cyanosis, high pitched noise with inspiration, no speech. Treat with abdominal thrusts.

33
Q

When looking for a differential diagnosis, what are the “H’s” and “T’s” that you should consider?

A

H’s: hypoglycemia, hypothermia, hypovolemia, hypohyper K, H ion (acidosis), hypoxia.
T’s: toxins, tamponade, tension pneumothorax, thrombosis (coronary or pulmonary).

34
Q

What is the order of response when finding a collapsed patient?

A

1- Check for responsiveness
2- Call for help
3-Check for pulse, breathing, start CPR/ respiratory assist
4- Defibrillate shockable rhythms.

35
Q

What is the rate of compressions per minute for adults, children and infants?

A

All ages 100-120/minute.

36
Q

What is the most important factor for successful resuscitation?

A

Providing high quality CPR.

37
Q

Describe effective chest compressions during CPR.

A

Push hard and fast, allow complete chest recoil, change compressors every 2 minutes, minimize interruptions.

38
Q

Why is it important to give slow rescue breaths?

A

Less air will enter the stomach decreasing gastric distention and vomiting.

39
Q

What is the rate of rescue breathing per minute in adults, children, and infants?

A

Adults: 1 every 5-6 seconds (10-12 min)
Children/ Infants: 1 every 3 sec (20 min)
(If intubated 1 every 6 sec (10 min)

40
Q

How does AHA recommend confirming ET tube placement?

A

1- Physical exam/Auscultation

2- Waveform capnography (colormetric CO2 or EED)

41
Q

What is the correct hand position for compressions in adults, child and infant?

A

Adult: heel of both hands between nipples
Child: heel of 1-2 hands between nipples
Infant: 2 fingers, 1 finger below nipple line

42
Q

What are the steps to the BLS survey?

A

1- Check responsiveness/ breathing
2- Activate EMS
3- Circulation (check pulse, compressions)
4- Defibrillate shockable rhythms

43
Q

What are the steps to ACLS survey?

A

Airway: Patent, advanced needed
Breathing: Confirm airway, check for issues
Circulation: EKG, IV/IO, give fluids/drugs
Differential diagnosis: H’s and T’s

44
Q

When the AED states “no shock advised,” what should you do?

A

Resume CPR, starting with compressions.

45
Q

What are the 4 universal steps to AED operation?

A

1- power on
2- attach pads
3- analyze
4- Shock if indicated

46
Q

How do you perform high-quality CPR

A

Provide 100-200 compressions/min., switch compressors every 2 minutes, allow for chest recoil, minimize interruptions, avoid hyperventilating, push hard and fast.

47
Q

What do you do if you believe the team leader may have mistakenly called for the wrong drug?

A

Constructive intervention: “I believe Amiodarone is the next drug in the algorithm, not Adenosine. Do you agree?

48
Q

What is the ratio’s for CPR on adults, children and infants?

A

Adult: 30:2 at all times

Children/ infants: 30:2 for 1 person, 15:2 for 2 persons.

ACLS (1 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions