Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

PARA 230 > ACLS > Flashcards

ACLS Flashcards

1
Q

2015 guidelines for # of assisted breaths during cardiac arrest

A

10/min

1 every 6 seconds

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

Proper CPR requirements

A 
Rate (100-120)
•Depth (5-6cm)
•Recoil (No leaning on the chest)
•Pulse checks less than 10 seconds
•Focus on Rhythm analysis not pulse checks
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

Compression Fraction

A

the number of compressions for the duration of the code

research has proven the number of compressions during a cardiac arrest correlates with survival.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

2 Most common causes of cardiac arrest

A

Hypoxia

Hypovolemia

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

In Cardiac Arrest, what airway adjunct is advised to be attempted first?

A

King LT

  • No difference in outcomes between BVM, supra-glottic and Endotracheal intubation. The majority of studies identified worse outcomes with E.T. BVM is a two person skill should not be completed by one rescuer.
  • Endotracheal intubation that requires stopping compressions is considered class 2b
  • King LT should be attempted first.
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

ACLS ventilation rates

A

Cardiac arrest= 10 ( 1 breath q 6 seconds)

With a pulse= 10-12 ( 1 breath q 5-6)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

Medications that can be administered through ET tube

A

L.E.A.N

Lidocaine

Epinephrine

Atropine

Narcan

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

5 states which death can be officially determined and resuscitation stopped or withheld.

A

D.R.I.E.D

Decapitated

Rigor mortis

Incinerated

Evicerated

Decomposed

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

Livor mortis (lividity)

A

Blood starts to pool immediately after onset of circulatory collapse.

Compressed areas do not change color and appear white or skin colored.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

5H’s / 5T’s (treatable causes of cardiac arrest)

A

Hypoxia

Hypovolemia

Hydrogen Ion (acidosis)

Hypo/hyperkalemia

Hypothermia

Toxins

Tamponade (cardiac)

Tension Pneumothorax

Thrombosis (Coronary or Pulmonary)

Trauma

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

Inotropic Agent

A

An agent that affects the FORCE or ENERGY of muscle contractions

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

Chronotropic Agents

A

Affect the RATE of contractions.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

Cardioversion

Tachycardia Narrow Regular

A

50-100J

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

Cardioversion

Tachycardia Narrow Irregular:

A

120-200J Biphasic

Or

200J Monophasic

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

Cardioversion

Tachycardia Wide Regular

A

100J

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

Cardioversion

Tachycardia Wide Irregular

A

Defibrillation dose (not synchronized)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

Asystole / PEA

A 
Assess rhythm 
-
2 mins CPR
-
Place airway 
-
EPI (1/10,000) 1mg IV/IO q 3-5min PRN
-
If hyperkalemia suspected give 
CALCIUM CHLORIDE 1g SIVP/IO
-
Consider SODIUM BICARB 1meq/kg SIVP/IO
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

Class 1 cardiac drug

A

Effects the Sodium Na pumps.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

Class 2 cardiac drug

A

Beta blockers

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

Class 3 cardiac drugs

A

Affect the Potassium pumps and prolong the refractory period.

21
Q

Class 4 cardiac drugs

A

Affect the Calcium channels

22
Q

Indications for defibrillation

A
  • pulseless ventricular Tachycardia
  • Ventricular Fibrillation
  • sustained polymorphic ventricular Tachycardia
23
Q

Impedance

A

Resistance to the flow of current

24
Q

Transthoracic impedance

A

The natural resistance of the chest wall to the flow of current.

25
Q

Remove o2 during defib

Y/N

A

Yes

26
Q

If the rhythm on the monitor looks like a “flatline” check:

A

-Make sure that the power to the monitor is turned on.
•Check the lead and cable connections.
•Make sure that the correct lead is selected.
•Turn up the gain (i.e., the ECG size) on the monitor.

2 leads needed to confirm Asystole

27
Q

What energy should be used if you deliver a shock that eliminates pulseless VT/VF and then the rhythm recurs?

A

The last amount of energy that had a positive effect.

28
Q

Synchronized Cardiversion

A

The delivery of an electrical shock to the heart that is timed to occur during ventricular depolarization (i.e., QRS)
•Reduces the potential for the delivery of energy during the vulnerable period of the T wave

29
Q

Unstable Criteria

A

ALTERED MENTAL STATUS

LOW BP

- Hypovolemia 
- signs of shock

ISHEMIC CHEST PAIN

ACUTE HEART FAILURE
-pulmonary edema

30
Q

Modified Valsalva maneuver

A

A procedure that utilizes cardiovascular and respiratory physiology to induce sympathetic and parasympathetic tone to terminate arrhythmias (SVT)

Targets the pressure receptors in the carotid artery to stimulate the parasympathetic system to reset the heart.

Have patient lying in semi recumbent position while they blow out into a 10cc syringe untill the plunger moves. Once the plunger moves have them hold that pressure for 15 seconds and then raise the feet.

31
Q

Unstable atrial flutter cardioversion

A

50 J to 100 J initially; increase in a stepwise fashion if the initial shock fails

32
Q

Unstable atrial fibrillation cardioversion

A

120 J to 200 J initially; increase in a stepwise fashion if the initial shock fails; begin with 200 J if using monophasic energy, and increase if unsuccessful

33
Q

Indications for cardioversion

A

-An unstable patient who is experiencing any of the following dysrhythmias:
•Supraventricular tachycardia
•Atrial fibrillation with a rapid ventricular response
•Atrial flutter with a rapid ventricular response
•Wide-complex tachycardia
•Ventricular tachycardia with a pulse

34
Q

Physiologic causes of Tachycardia

A
  • Metabolic Acidosis
  • Infection
  • Known Drug abuser
  • Exercise
  • Respiratory Acidosis
  • Oxygen deficiency (PE)
  • Sympathetic response (anxiety)
  • Exsanguination
35
Q

Lidocaine

A

Classification: Antiarrhythmic (Class 1)

  • Action: Blocks the Na Channels slows conduction
  • Indications: Wide complex tachycardia, can be used in prolonged QT if Torsade’s suspected.
  • Caution: slowed conduction causes QRS to widen, hypotension.

•Dosage : First Dose 1-1.5mg/kg
Second dose 0.5 – 0.75mg/kg q 3-5 minutes
Maximum dosage 3mg/kg
Maintenance dose 1 -4 mg/min

36
Q

Transcutaneous pacing (TCP)

A
  • Passes electrical current through the heart to stimulate mechanical contraction
  • Indicated in hemodynamically significant bradycardias unresponsive to atropine
  • Contraindicated in severe hypothermia, Vfib
  • TCP vs drug therapy shows few differences in outcomes and survival
  • Atropine may be trialed first (high grade blocks likely not effective)
37
Q

Anginal Equivalents

A 
No chest pain
•Shortness of breath 50%
•Diaphoresis
•Nausea
•Dizzy
•Profound weakness
38
Q

ACS subsections

A

STEMI

NONSTEMI

Angina

39
Q

SVT rates

A

Once the rate is 150 or above it is said that SVT is causing the signs and symptoms such as chest pain etc instead of the pain causing the high heart rate.

40
Q

Inferior MI characteristics

A
  • Right Coronary Artery
  • Parasympathetic
  • AV Block, bradycardia, epigastric
  • Hypotension
  • 15% AV block 2x Mortalty.
  • Narrow junctional escape ( atropine) caution with suspected RV infarct
41
Q

Anterior MI Characteristics

A 
Left Coronary Artery
•Sympathetic
•Tachycardia, LBBB, RBBB,dipahortetic
•Hypertension
•Complete block wide complex ventricular escape (pacemaker)4X mortality
42
Q

PAPA rule out (cant miss diagnosis)

A

Pulmonary Embolism

Acute Coronary Syndrome

Pericarditis/ Pneumothorax

Aortic Aneurism

43
Q

Maintain spo2 above?

A

94%

44
Q

3 factors that effect MVO2 (myocardial oxygen demand)

A
  1. Preload
  2. Afterload
  3. Contractility
45
Q

Physiologic Bradycardia

A

Heart rate that is normally slow and requires no assessment or intervention

Ex. Well trained athlete.

46
Q

Functional or Relative Bradycardia

A

The rate is within normal sinus range but those rates are inappropriate or insufficient

Ex. 70bpm in septic shock

47
Q

Symptoms of Bradycardia

A

Chest discomfort or pain

SOB

Decreased LOC

Weakness

Fatigue

Light headedness

Syncope

48
Q

Signs of bradycardia

A

Hypotension

Orthostatic hypertension

Diaphoresis

Pulmonary congestion

PARA 230 (4 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions