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chem:) > acids, bases & salts > Flashcards

acids, bases & salts Flashcards

1
Q

what are acids?

A

proton donor

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2
Q

what are bases?

A

proton acceptors

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3
Q

what are the types of acids?

A
  • strong acid
  • weak acid
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4
Q

what is a strong acid?

A

an acid that completely dissociates in aqueous solution

(eg. HCl)

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5
Q

what is a weak acid?

A

an acid that partially dissociates in aqueous solution

(eg CH3COOH - ethanoic acid)

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6
Q

what the properties of acids?

(pH, metals, water, litmus paper, bases)

A
  • pH lower than 7
  • reacts with metal to produce hydrogen gas
  • produce hydrogen gas when dissociate with water
  • turn blue litmus paper red
  • reacts with bases to produce salts and water ONLY
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7
Q

acid + metal →

A

salt + hydrogen

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8
Q

what are the properties of bases?

(pH, metals, hydroxide ions, litmus paper)

A
  • pH higher than 7
  • do NOTTT react with metals
  • contain OH- ions
  • turn red litmus paper blue
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9
Q

what is a strong base?

A

a base that fully dissociates in water to give more OH- ions

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10
Q

what is a weak base?

A

a base that partially dissolves in water to give few OH- ions

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11
Q

what do bases consist of?

A

metal oxides or hydroxides

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12
Q

what are soluble bases called?

A

alkalis

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13
Q

acid + metal carbonate →

A

salt + carbon dioxide + water

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14
Q

what are the types of oxides

A
  • acidic oxides
  • amphoteric oxides
  • basic oxides
  • neutral oxides
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15
Q

what are basic oxides?

A

oxides that produce a pH greater than 7 when dissolved in water. they are metal oxides.

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16
Q

give examples of basic oxides?

A
  • sodium hydroxide
  • magnesium hydroxide
  • calcium hydroxide
17
Q

what are acidic oxides?

A

oxides that produce lower than pH 7 when dissolves in water. they are non metal oxides, and form weak acids in water

18
Q

give examples of acidic oxides

A
  • sulfur dioxide
  • carbon dioxide
19
Q

what are neutral oxides?

A

the dissolve in water to give off a pH of 7 (neutral). they are mostly non-metal monoxides

20
Q

give examples of neutral oxides?

A
  • carbon monoxide
  • nitrogen monoxide
  • dihydrogen monoxide
21
Q

what are amphoteric oxides?

A

they have both acidic and basic properties

22
Q

all nitrates are _______

23
Q

all chlorides are ______ except AgCl, PbCl2

24
Q

all sulfates are ______ except BaSO4, PbSO4 (CaSO4 is sparingly soluble)

25
Q

all ammonium (NH4+) salts are ______

26
Q

all group 1/ alkali metals form ______ salts

chem:) (6 decks)

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