Acids Bases and Salts Flashcards
What are the effects of acids/alkalis on red litmus paper
What is an acid
It is a substance that dissolves in water producing hydrogen ions. An acid is a substance that produces hydrogen ions, H+(aq), when dissolved in water.
The higher the concentration of hydrogen ions in the solution, the lower the pH. (Higher tier)
What is an alkali?
An alkali is a substand that dissolves in water producing hydroxide ions. An alkali is a substance that produces hydroxide ions, OH-(aq), when dissolved in water.
What is the difference between dilute and concentrated solutions ?
A concentrated solution contains large number of particles. dilute contains a smaller number of particles.
What is an indicator?
An indicator is a chemical that changes colour in acidic, alkaline and neutral solutions.
What is the PH scale
The pH scale measures a solution’s acidity or alkalinity.
Name three acids
Strong acids include:
hydrochloric acid
sulfuric acid
nitric acid
What is neutralisation?
Neutralisation is the reaction between the hydrogen ions in an acid and the hydroxide ions in an alkali to produce water
Is when an acid and an alkali react together. The acid and alkai cancel each other to produce a netural ph7.
What is a base?
A base is a metal oxide or metal hydroxide that neutralises an acid to produce a salt and water. An alkali is a soluble base.
What does exothermic mean?
Most acid reactions are exothermic – the observation is ‘heat released’. Exceptions – copper(II) oxide and sodium hydrogencarbonate with acid.
What is a salt?
A salt is a compound formed when some or all the hydrogen ions in an acid are replaced by metal ions or ammonium ions.
Name three bases?
metal oxides,metal hydroxides,metal carbonates
What is a base?
It is a substance that neutralises acids.
