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Chem > Acids Bases and salts > Flashcards

Acids Bases and salts Flashcards

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1
Q

Define acids and bases

A

Acids - Sour, diff types
Soluble
Blue to red
Less than 7

Bases - bitter
Red to blue
More than 7

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2
Q

What is litmus

A

Extracted frm lichen used as indicator
Natural indicators - turmeric, methyl orange phenolphthalein

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3
Q

What are acid base indicators

A

To check if substance is acid or base or neutral by change in colour

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4
Q

What is olfactory

A

Change in smell indicator

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5
Q

Acid + Metal

A

Salt + H2

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6
Q

Base + Metal

A

Salt + H2

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7
Q

Metal + carbonate

A

Salt + Co2 + H20

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8
Q

Metal + bicarbonate

A

Same as carbonate

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9
Q

What is neutralisation

A

Reaction bw acid and base
Gives off salt and water

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10
Q

Acid + Metal oxide - basic

A

Salt + H20

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11
Q

Base + metal oxide

A

Same as base and acid

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12
Q

Similarities bw acid and bases

A

Same chemical properties
Acids contain H ions
Base OH ions

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13
Q

Acid and bases in water sol

A

Sep of h + ions cannot happen in absence of water
H + cannot exist alone they exist after combining w water molecules

Base in water generate Oh- ions
These are alkalis

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14
Q

Warnings of dissolving acid or base i water

A

Highly exothermic causes burns glass may break

Decreases conc of ions per unit volume - dilution
Why? H+ ions cannot exist alone

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15
Q

How do we know if a sol is strong?

A

Amt of ions determine it
Shows diff colours at diff conc of H+ ions - Ph scale

Higher hydronium ions lower ph value

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16
Q

Strong acids
Weak acids
Strong bases
Weak bases

A

More h+ ions
Vice versa
More OH - ions
Vice versa

17
Q

Ph values of rain water and our body

A

5.6
7 to 7.8

18
Q

Acids in other planets

A

Atmos of venus - thich white and yellowish clouds of sulphuric acid

19
Q

Explain PH of soil and digestive system

A

Specific range for healthy growth
Colect soil and check

Digestive system - stomach HCl for digestion

20
Q

Tooth decay
Bee sting

A

Less than 5.5
Bacteria in mouth produce acid by degrading sugar
Leads to corrosion

Prevention - brushing

Bee sting - acids cause pain , stinging hair lraves mathanoic acid
Use baking soda

21
Q

Why are large crustals brown

A

Due to impurities

22
Q

Hoe are rock salts formed

A

Formed when seas of bygone ages dry up

23
Q

What happens when electricity is passed thru NaCl

A

Chlor alkali
Products chlorine gas, h2 gas, NaCl

24
Q

Bleaching powder

A

Ca0cl2
Action of chlorine on dry slaked lime
Ca(0h2)+ cl2 = Ca0cl2 + h20

Uses
Bleaching of cotton, woodpulp, washed clothes
Oxidising agent
Drinking water free frm germs

25
Q

Baking soda

A

Uses in kitchen for faster cooking
Sodium bicarbonate
Non corrosive basic salt - used to neutralise acid

Uses
Baking powder
When its heated NaHco3 + H+ = Co2 + h2o + sodium salt of acid
Co2 is produced during this used in bread
Soda acid fire extinguisher

26
Q

Washing soda

A

Na2c03.10h20
Basic salt

Na2c03 + 10h20

Uses
Glass, soap, paper industries
Borax
Removing hardness of h20

27
Q

What happens to cuso4 when removed of water

A

Turns white
When mosituned colour reappers

28
Q

What is water of crystallisation

A

Fixes no. Of water molecules present in 1 formula unit of salt

29
Q

Explain plaster of paris

A

Obtained frm gypsum - Cas04 .2h20
On heating plaster of oaris at 373k loses h20 mol turns to calcium hemihydrate

Uses
Fractured bones , toys, surface smoothing

30
Q

Effloresence

A

Evaporation of water will take place when salt is left in the open

Chem (3 decks)

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