Acids, Bases and Concentration Flashcards
How does cellular respiration during exercise cause fatigue?
Respiration increases the accumulation of carbon dioxide. Carbon dioxide dissolves in water, creating carbon dioxide and releasing a positive hydrogen ion. The hydrogen ions cause acidosis which gradually causes fatigue.
What is acidosis?
The process causing an increased acidity in the blood and other body tissue.
How does training impact fatigue?
Training adaptations can improve the body’s ability to cope with respiratory and metabolic acidity, extending the time we can exercise before pH reaches critical levels.
Name 3 properties of salts.
They have ionic bonds
They form structural components within the body
They have electrolyte properties
Name 3 properties of acids and bases.
They have covalent bonds
They are used for metabolic control
Critical for homeostasis
What is dissociation?
The release of a positive hydrogen or negative hydroxyl ion with either a cation or an anion when an acid or base is dissolved in water.
What happens to an acid when it dissociates with water?
Acid releases a H+ ion and an anion (-ve charge)
What determines acidity?
The concentration of H+ ions.
What happens when a strong acid is dissolved in water?
Strong acids dissociate completely in an irreversible reaction.
What happens when a weak acid is dissolved in water?
Weak acids reach equilibrium in a reversible reaction.
What are acids?
Acids are proton donors that dissociate in water, releasing hydrogen ions and an anion.
What are bases?
Bases are proton acceptors that dissociate in water, releasing a hydroxyl ion and a cation.
What happens when a base dissociates with water?
Bases release a hydroxyl ion (OH-) and a cation (+ve charge)
How is concentration measured?
Moles per litre
What is a mole?
Number of atoms in 12 grams of carbon 12; approx. 6.022*10^23
