Acids, Bases and Alkalis Flashcards
What is a base?
A base is a proton (H+ ion) acceptor.
An alkali is a type of base that dissolves in water to from hydroxide (OH-) ions.
What is an acid?
An acid is a proton (H+ ion) donor.
What happens to strong acids in solution?
Strong acids fully dissociate in solution. This means that they completely ionise.
What happens to weak acids in solution.
They only partially dissociate in solution.
Examples of strong acids….
Hydrochloric, nitric and sulphuric are all examples of strong acids
Examples of weak acids….
Ethanoic acid is an example of a weak acid
How do we test to see if a solution is acid or alkaline?
We test using a titration experiment, using universal indicators.
What are examples of universal indicators?
Phenolphthalein —> colourless in acid, pink in alkali
Methyl orange —> Red in acid, yellow in alkali
Examples of strong alkalis…
Sodium hydroxide and potassium hydroxide are both strong alkalis
Examples of weak alkalis…
Ammonia is an example of a weak alkali
H H O Amino acids:
\ I //
N - C - C
/ I \
H H OH
Amino acids contain both acid (COOH) and basic (NH2) groups. This means they can both accept and donate protons.
Amino acids are AMPHATERIC.
What is produced when an acid reacts with a metal?
Salt and a gas
What is produced when an acid reacts with a base?
Salt and water
What is produced when an acid reacts with a carbonate?
Salt, carbon dioxide and water
What do you remove in an ionic equation?
You remove the “spectator” ions
