Acids And Metals Flashcards
What’s the difference between a strong and a weak acid
Strong acids have fully ionised/ dissociated into positive hydrogen ions and negative chlorine ions. The more positive hydrogen ions mean the ph is lower
Weak acids haven’t fully dissociated/ ionised so less positive hydrogen ions means ph is higher Weak
What is:
An acid
An alkali
A base
Indicator
Acid: a substance with ph less than 7 and produces positive hydrogen ions
Alkali: substance that produces OH- ions with p.h over 7
Base: a substance with ph over 7
Indicator: a compound that changes colour of the fixed ph
What is the difference between a concentrated acid and a dilute acid?
Concentrated has more molecules in a given volume and dilute is less molecules in a given volume
Name 3 strong acids
Nitric
Sulphuric
Hydrochloric
Name 3 weak acids
Ethanoic
Citric
Carbonoic
An acid with ph 1 has _____ times more concentrated hydrogen ions than an acid with ph 3
100 times out of
Metal hydroxide + acid ->
Metal oxide + acid ->
Metal carbonate + acid ->
Metal salt + water
Metal salt + water
Metal salt + water + carbon dioxide
What are these reactions called?
Neutralisation reactions
What is the equation for a redox reaction?
Metal + acid = metal salt + hydrogen
How are metals less reactive than carbon extracted from ores?
Reduction with carbon (heated to high temperatures)
How are metals more reactive than carbon extracted from ores?
Electrolysis
What is the method of making soluble say
- Measure acid
- Add insoluble salt while heating. Stir until no more reacts
- Allow salt to cool and filter excess insoluble salt
- Heat off excess liquid in water bath
- When crystallising, stop heating and let solution cool
- Filter salt for crystals
- Let crystals dry on paper towel
What are oxidising and reducing agents
Substances that cause another substance to be oxidised/reduced
What is an ore
A metal rich compound containing metal oxides
