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Acids and Bases > Acids and Bases Practice Test > Flashcards

Acids and Bases Practice Test Flashcards

1
Q

Where are the protons, electrons and neutrons positioned in an atom?

A

The protons and neutrons are in the nucleus while the electrons are outside the nucleus.

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2
Q

What is the rule for electron configuration for an atom for each shell?

A

2,8,8 …

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3
Q

What is an ion?

A

An ion is an atom that has gained or lost electrons in order to become stable, having a electrical charge.

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4
Q

What is an atom?

A

A particle of matter that consists of protons, neutrons and electrons.

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5
Q

Why do atoms form into ions?

A

So it becomes stable

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6
Q

How does an atom form into an ion?

A

When electrons are gained or lost in the valence shell in order to become ‘stable’

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7
Q

What does an ion drawing need to have?

A

A full valence shell, brackets and the charge of the ion.

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8
Q

What is an ionic bond?

A

An ionic bond is formed by the transfer of some electrons from one atom to another.

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9
Q

What is collision theory?

A

When reactant molecules collide with eachother with energy to determine the rate of reaction

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10
Q

What is a formulae?

A

Symbol equation

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11
Q

Why are ionic compounds’ have a neutral charge?

A

Because there is always an equal amount of cations and anions in the compound, resulting in 0 (neutral charge)

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12
Q

What is a subatomic particle?

A

Proton, neutron, electrons

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13
Q

If the pH level is below 7, what is the solution considered as and what colour could it be?

A

Acidic, ranging from the colour red to yellow

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14
Q

If the pH level is above 7, what is the solution considered as and what colour could it be?

A

Basic, ranging from the colour light blue to purple.

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15
Q

If the pH level is 7, what is the solution considered as and what colour could it be?

A

neutral, being a green colour

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16
Q

What ions are responsible for making an solution acidic?

A

the number of hydrogen ions released into the water

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17
Q

What can be an example of a acidic solution with a pH below 7?

A

Hydrochloric Acid (HCl)

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18
Q

What can be an example of a solution with a pH above 7?

A

Sodium Hydroxide (NaOH)

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19
Q

Whats the symbol and word equation for neutralisation?

A

H + OH -> H₂O
Salt + Water -> Water

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20
Q

What is neutralisation?

A

When an acid and bases reacts with each other, balancing the hydrogens and hydroxide ions to become neutral

21
Q

What happens when an acid touches a blue litmus paper?

A

Red..

22
Q

What happens when an base touches a blue litmus paper?

A

Stays blue..

23
Q

What happens when an acid touches a red litmus paper?

A

Stays red..

24
Q

What happens when a base touches a red litmus paper?

A

Turns Blue

25
Q

What happens when a neutral solution touches red or blue litmus paper?

A

Stays red and blue cause its a pure substance

26
Q

What two type of ions in a solution has to be equally balanced to make a neutral solution?

A

Hydroxide and Hydrogen ions
(OH & H)

27
Q

What does concentration mean in a solution?

A

the amount of a substance like a salt in a solution

28
Q

Metal + Water –>

A

Metal hydroxide + hydrogen gas

29
Q

Acid + Metal –>

A

Metal compound (salt) + hydrogen gas

30
Q

Acid + Base –>

A

metal compound (salt) + water

31
Q

Acid + Carbonate –>

A

metal compound + carbon dioxide + water

32
Q

Sodium + Water –>

A

Sodium hydroxide + Hydrogen gas

33
Q

Nitric Acid + Magnesium –>

A

Magnesium nitrate + hydrogen gas

34
Q

Hydrochloric Acid + Sodium Hydroxide –>

A

Sodium chloride + water

35
Q

Hydrochloric acid + Zinc –>

A

Zinc chloride + hydrogen gas

36
Q

Turn this into a word equation:
Sodium hydrogen carbonate is used to make sodium sulfate, water and carbon dioxide.

A

Sodium hydrogen carbonate + Sulfuric acid = Sodium Sulfate + water + carbon dioxide

37
Q

Turn this into a word equation:
Sodium carbonate is added to hydrochloric acid.

A

Sodium carbonate + Hydrochloric acid = Sodium chloride + carbon dioxide + water

38
Q

Name the four ways to make the reaction rate faster

A

Surface Area
Concentration
Temperature
Catalysts

39
Q

How does the concentration of reactants increase the rate of reaction?

A

Because this means there are more reactant molecules available to collide and react with each other as it increased by having a higher concentration.

40
Q

How does the change of temperature increase the rate of reaction?

A

Because the higher temp, it increases the kinetic/heat energy of the reactant molecules making them more likely to collide and react with each other

41
Q

How does the change of surface area increase the rate of reaction?

A

Increasing the surface area means there’s more space available for reactant molecules to collide with each other

42
Q

What is an example of something with a large surface area?

A

Powder

43
Q

What is collision theory?

A

used to predict the rates of chemical reactions

44
Q

The more collisions happening per seconds it increases _______________ per second resulting to a _______________

A

the effective collisions
faster rate of reaction

45
Q

How do you if an acid or base is “weak” and “strong” with using the pH level?

A

if the acid has a pH level of 1-3 its more strong, weak if its 4-6
if the base has a pH level of 8-11 its weak, strong if 12-14.

46
Q

What charge does proton, neutron, and electron have?

A

positive
neutral
negative

47
Q

What needs to happen for a reaction to occur?

A

particles must collide and react with eachother

48
Q

What ions are responsible for making an solution basic?

A

The concentration of hydroxide ions released into the water

Acids and Bases (2 decks)

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