AcIds and Bases Day 1

Question 1

What is the difference between Acids & Bases?

Answer 1

1)Acids are generally sour in taste. 
Bases are bitter in taste.
2) Acids turn blue litmus paper red. 
Bases turn red litmus paper blue.
3) Acids have pH < 7. 
Bases have pH > 7.
4) Acids have (H+) hydrogen ions. 
 Bases have OH- (hydroxyl ions).

Question 2

What are some of the common acids?

Answer 2

Common acids are acetic acid, citric acid, hydrochloric acid, sulfuric acid.

Question 3

What are some of the common bases?

Answer 3

Common bases are sodium hydroxide, potassium hydroxide.

Question 4

What is the difference between Strong Acid and Weak Acid?

Answer 4

A strong acid ionizes nearly 100% in water. Some strong acids are:
Hydrochloric acid (HCl) , sulfuric acid (H2SO4), nitric acid (HNO3), hydroiodic acid (HI), hydrobromic acid (HBr), and perchloric acid (HClO4).
A weak acid ionizes very little in water. Acetic acid is a weak acid.

Question 5

What is the difference between Strong Base & Weak Base?

Answer 5

A strong base dissociates completely in water. Some common strong bases are barium hydroxide Ba(OH)2, calcium hydroxide Ca(OH)2 , lithium hydroxide LiOH, potassium hydroxide KOH, sodium hydroxide NaOH, and strontium hydroxide Sr(OH)2.

A weak base produces few OH-. Ammonia NH3 is a weak base.

Question 6

What is the difference between Concentrated & Dilute?

Answer 6

A concentrated solution has a larger amount of acid or base. A concentrated solution has many ions.

A dilute solution has a smaller amount of acid or base. A dilute solution has fewer ions.