acids and bases Flashcards
define acids
proton donors to form H+
define bases
proton acceptors to form OH-
state the difference between weak and strong acids
weak acids oxidises completely in water to release the most protons
what is the colour shown when methyl orange is added to an acid
red
what is the colour shown when litmus paper is added to an acid
red
what forms when an acid reacts with a base
salt + water
acid + metal ->
salt + hydrogen
acid + metal carbonate ->
salt + carbon dioxide + water
define alkali
bases soluble in water
what is the colour shown when methyl orange is added to a base
yellow
what is the colour shown when litmus paper is added to a base
blue
what is the colour shown when phenolphthalein is added to a base
pink
what is the colour shown when phenolphthalein is added to an acid
colourless
what is the colour shown when phenolphthalein is added to a neutral solution
colourless
list 7 bases
- metal hydroxides
- metal carbonates
- most of metal oxides
- ammonia
- ammonium hydroxide
- ammonium carbonate
- metal hydrogen carbonate
list 3 substances to be added to acidic soil to neutralise it
- limestone - calcium carbonate
- lime - calcium oxide
- calcium hydroxide
how are acidic oxides formed
non-metals reacts with oxygen
what do acidic oxides react with
bases
how are basic oxides formed
metals reacting with oxygen
what are neutral oxides
they dont react with either acids nor bases
what do basic oxides react with
acids
list 3 examples of neutral oxides
- h2o
- no
- co
what are amphoteric oxides
oxides reacting with both acids and bases
name 2 amphoteric oxides
zinc oxides and aluminium oxides
list 7 types of soluble salts
- group 1 salts
- ammonium salts
- nitrate salts
- ethanoate salts
- halides except silver & lead
- sulphates except CaSO4, SrSO4, BaSO4, PbSO4
- carbonates except gr 1 metal carbonates & ammonium carbonate
list 2 types of insoluble salts
- silver & lead halides
2. CaSO4, SrSO4, BaSO4, PbSO4
name the process of preparing soluble salts of fr 1, NH3 and Ba
titration
