Acids and Bases

Question 1

Strong acids (strongest to weakest)

Answer 1

HClO₄, HI, HBr, HCl, H₂SO₄, HNO₃

Question 2

HNO₃

Answer 2

Nitric acid - strong acid [NO₃- (nitrate)]

Question 3

H₂SO₄

Answer 3

Sulfuric acid - strong acid [HSO₄- (hydrogen sulfate)]

Question 4

HCl

Answer 4

Hydrochloric acid - strong acid [Cl- (chloride)]

Question 5

HBr

Answer 5

Hydrobromic acid - strong acid [Br- (bromide)]

Question 6

HI

Answer 6

Hydroiotic acid - strong acid [I- (iodide)]

Question 7

HClO₄

Answer 7

Perchloric acid - strong acid [ClO₄- (perchlorate)]

Question 8

The conjugate of a strong acid is a ____ ____.

Answer 8

weak base

Question 9

CH₃COOH

Answer 9

Acetic acid - weak acid [CH₃COO- (acetate)]

Question 10

NH₄+

Answer 10

Ammonium - weak acid [NH₃ (ammonia)]

Question 11

NH₃

Answer 11

Ammonia - weak acid or strong base [NH₂- (amide)]

Question 12

Kw value

Answer 12

1.0 x 10^-14; the autoionization constant of water

Question 13

Kw equation

Answer 13

Kw = [H3O+][OH-] or KaKb = Kw

Question 14

Find pH

Answer 14

pH = -log[H3O+]

Question 15

Henderson-Hasselbalch equation

Answer 15

pH = pKa + log [conj. base] / [acid]

Question 16

Find pOH

Answer 16

pOH = -log[OH-]

Question 17

Find pH given pOH

Answer 17

14.00 - pH = pOH, and vice versa

Question 18

Find OH- given pOH

Answer 18

10^-pOH (antilog of -pOH)

Question 19

Find percent ionization

Answer 19

([ionized acid @ EQ]/[acid initial]) * 100%

Question 20

Composition of salt from neutral solution

Answer 20

Strong base + strong acid

Question 21

Composition of salt from acidic solution

Answer 21

Weak base or highly charged small metal ion + strong acid

Question 22

Composition of salt from basic solution

Answer 22

Strong base + weak acid

Question 23

Strong acid anions

Answer 23

Cl-, Br-, I-, NO3-, ClO4-

Question 24

Weak acid anions

Answer 24

F-, NO2-, CN-, CH3COO-