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A Level Chemistry > Acids And Bases > Flashcards

Acids And Bases Flashcards

1
Q

What is an acid?

A

An acid is a proton donor

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2
Q

What is a base?

A

A base is a proton acceptor

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3
Q

In the reaction HA + B ⇌ BH^+ + A^-, what are the conjugate acid base pairs and why?

A

HA and A^- are connected by the loss and gain of a proton and so are an acid-base conjugate pair
B and BH^+ are connected by the loss and gain of a proton and are an acid-base conjugate pair

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4
Q

In the reaction HA + B ⇌ BH^+ + A^-, which acts as the acid and base in the forward reaction?

A

HA is the acid and B is the base

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5
Q

In the reaction HA + B ⇌ BH^+ + A^-, which acts as the acid and base in the reverse reaction?

A

BH^+ is the acid and A^- is the base

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6
Q

What type of acid is sulfuric acid and what is its conjugate base?

A 
Strong 
Hydrogensulfate ion (HSO4^-)
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7
Q

What type of acid is hydroiodic acid and what is its conjugate base?

A 
Strong
Iodide ion (I^-)
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8
Q

What type of acid is hydrobromic acid and what is its conjugate base?

A 
Strong
Bromide ion (Br^-)
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9
Q

What type of acid is hydrochloric acid and what is its conjugate base?

A 
Strong
Chloride ion (Cl^-)
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10
Q

What type of acid is nitric acid and what is its conjugate base?

A 
Strong
Nitrate ion (NO3^-)
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11
Q

What type of acid is the hydroxonium ion and what is its conjugate base?

A

Strong

Water (H2O)

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12
Q

What type of acid is the hydrogen sulfate ion and what is its conjugate base?

A 
Weak
Sulfate ion (SO4^2-)
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13
Q

What type of acid is hydrofluoric acid and what is its conjugate base?

A 
Weak 
Fluoride ions (F^-)
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14
Q

What type of acid is ethanoic acid and what is its conjugate base?

A 
Weak
Ethanoate ion (CH3COO^-)
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15
Q

What type of acid is carbonic acid and what is its conjugate base?

A 
Weak
Hydrogencarbonate ion (HCO3^-)
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16
Q

What type of acid is the ammonium ion and what is its conjugate base?

A

Weak

Ammonia (NH3)

17
Q

What type of acid is the hydrogencarbonate ion and what is its conjugate base?

A 
Weak 
Carbonate ion (CO3^2-)
18
Q

What type of acid is water and what is its conjugate base?

A 
Weak
Hydroxide ion (OH^-)
19
Q

What is a strong acid?

A

A strong acid is one that is totally ionised in aqueous solution, forming hydrated hydrogen ions, H3O^+ (hydroxonium) e.g. HCl

20
Q

What is a weak acid?

A

A weak acid is one that is only very slightly ionised in aqueous solution e.g. ethanoic acid

21
Q

What is a strong base?

A

A strong base is totally ionised in aqueous solution, forming hydroxide ions, OH^- e.g. NaOH

22
Q

What is a weak base?

A

A weak base is protonated to only a small degree in solution so only forms a small proportion of hydroxide ions

A Level Chemistry (25 decks)

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