acids and bases

Question 1

pH below 7 =

Answer 1

acidic solution

Question 2

pH above 7 =

Answer 2

alkaline solution

Question 3

acidic solution turns universal indicator-

Answer 3

red/orange

Question 4

alkaline solution turns universal indicator-

Answer 4

blue/purple

Question 5

pH of 7 =

Answer 5

neutral solution

Question 6

neutral solution turns universal indicator-

Answer 6

green

Question 7

acidic solutions have a higher conc. of

Answer 7

hydrogen ions than hydroxide ions

Question 8

alkaline solutions have a higher conc. of

Answer 8

hydroxide ions than hydrogen ions

Question 9

commonly used lab acids include:

Answer 9

hydrochloric acid
sulfuric acid
nitric acid
ethanoic acid

Question 10

commonly used lab alkalis include:

Answer 10

sodium hydroxide
calcium hydroxide
lithium hydroxide

Question 11

when an acid is diluted with water, the pH

Answer 11

increases towards 7

Question 12

when an alkali is diluted with water, the pH

Answer 12

decreases towards 7

Question 13

when a soluble non-metal oxide is dissolved in water,

Answer 13

an acidic solution is produced

Question 14

when a soluble metal oxide (base) is dissolved in water,

Answer 14

an alkaline solution is produced

Question 15

neutral solutions contain equal amounts of

Answer 15

hydrogen and hydroxide ions

Question 16

a small amount of water molecules dissociate to form

Answer 16

hydrogen and hydroxide ions

Question 17

neutralisation is

Answer 17

the reaction of an acid with a base

Question 18

bases include:

Answer 18

alkalis, metal oxides, metal hydroxides, metal carbonates

Question 19

acid + alkali -

Answer 19

acid + alkali - salt + water

Question 20

acid + base -

Answer 20

acid + base - salt + water

Question 21

acid + metal carbonate -

Answer 21

acid + metal carbonate - salt + water + carbon dioxide

Question 22

salts produced when acids are neutralised:

Answer 22

hydrochloric acid= …..chloride
sulfuric acid= ….sulfate
nitric acid= …..nitrate

Question 23

ionic equation uses

Answer 23

the ionic formulae of the substances

e.g. H+(aq)Cl-(aq) H20(l)

Question 24

a spectator ion is

Answer 24

an ion that exists in the same form on both the reactant and product sides of a chemical reaction

Question 25

for titration calculations use

Answer 25

concordant results

Question 26

average vol. calculation:

Answer 26

average volume = vol. + vol. divided by 2

there are 2 volumes

Question 27

precipitation is

Answer 27

the formation of an insoluble solid by reacting 2 liquids together