Acids and Bases

Question 1

Making acids

Answer 1

Non-metal oxides dissolve in water to produce acidic solutions
Carbon dioxide + water = carbonic acid
Sulfur dioxide + water = sulfurous acid
Nitrogen dioxide + water = nitrous acid

Acidic solutions have a higher concentration of hydrogen ions than hydroxide ions.

Question 2

Making alkalis

Answer 2

Alkalis are soluble bases that are made by dissolving metal oxides or metal hydroxides in water

Alkaline solutions have a higher concentration of hydroxide ions than hydrogen ions.
This means that solutions of acids and alkalis can conduct electricity.

Question 3

Reactions of acids with bases and metals

Answer 3

Acid + alkali = salt + water

Acid + metal oxide = salt + water

Acid + metal carbonate = salt + water + carbon dioxide

Acid + metal = salt + hydrogen

Question 4

Making soluble salts

Answer 4

Soluble salts are made by
Neutralisation
Filtration
Evaporation

Question 5

Making insoluble salts

Answer 5

Insoluble salts are made by a precipitation reaction. This involves mixing two solutions and forming a powdery solid called a precipitate.