Acids And Bases Flashcards
What is an electrolyte?
An electrolyte is a solution that generally contains ions, atoms or molecules that have lost or gained electrons, and is electrically conductive.
What is an acid?
An acid is a substance that produces hydrogen ions in solution.
What do acids do to bases?
Acids donate a proton to bases.
What does a base receive from an acid?
A base receives a proton from the acid.
What is a base?
A base is a substance that produces hydroxide ions in solution.
What does water act as?
Water is amphoteric so acts both as an acid and as a base.
What is a conjugate base?
A conjugate base is a base that was an acid but lost a proton.
What is a conjugate acid?
A conjugate acid is an acid that gained a proton.
What is hydronium?
Hydronium is an ion that is water but has a proton attracted to non bonding electrons, but not bonding with the water molecule. Hydronium is a conjugate acid and is formed when water reacts with an acid.
What are the characteristics of acids?
The characteristics of acids is: Sour taste. Turns litmus red. pH below 7 at 25 degrees Celsius. May feel sticky. Conducts an electric current in solution. Good electrolyte. Corrosive. Reacts with metals, metal oxides, metal hydroxides, metal carbonates and metal hydrogen carbonates.
What are the characteristics of bases?
The characteristics of bases is: Bitter taste. Turns litmus blue. pH above 7 at 25 degrees Celsius. May feel slippery. Conducts an electric current when in solution. Good electrolyte. Corrosive. Reacts with acids, oils and fats.
What do nonmetal oxides do in a reaction?
Nonmetal oxides gain an oxygen atom after a chemical reaction.
What is an indicator?
An indicator is a substance that changes colour depending on the concentration of hydronium (hydrogen) ions present.
Why is water neutral?
Water is neutral because when it self ionises and splits into ions, the concentration of hydrogen ions is equal to he concentrations of hydroxide ions.
Which acids ionise in solution?
Excluding sulfuric acid, all strong acids completely ionise in solution. These acids are: Hydrochloric acid (HCl). Bromine water (HBr). Iodine water (HI). Nitric acid (HNO3). Perchloric acid (HClO4).
