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Chemistry > Acids and Bases > Flashcards

Acids and Bases Flashcards

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1
Q

HNO₃

A

Nitric acid (strong)

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2
Q

H₃PO₄

A 
Phosphoric acid (med)
{coke}
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3
Q

H₂SO₄

A

Sulfuric acid (strong)

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4
Q

CH₃COOH

A 
Acetic acid (weak)
{vinegar}
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5
Q

HF

A

Hydro flouric acid (weak)

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6
Q

HCl

A

Hydrochloric acid

Strong

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7
Q

HBr

A

Hydrobromic acid

Strong

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8
Q

HI

A

Hydroiodic acid

Strong

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9
Q

Nitric acid

A

Strong

HNO₃

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10
Q

Phosphoric acid

A

Med (coke)

H₃PO₄

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11
Q

Sulfuric acid

A

strong

H₂SO₄

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12
Q

Acetic acid

A

weak (vinegar)

CH₃COOH

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13
Q

Hydroflouric acid

A

HF (weak)

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14
Q

Hydrochloric acid

A

strong

HCl

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15
Q

Hydrobromic acid

A

strong

HBr

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16
Q

Hydroiodic acid

A

strong

HI

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17
Q

HClO₄

A

Chloric acid (strong)

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18
Q

HClO₃

A

Perchloric acid (strong)

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19
Q

Chloric acid

A

HClO₄ (strong)

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20
Q

Perchloric acid

A

HClO₃ (strong)

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21
Q

HCN

A

Hydrocyanic (weak)

H⁺ and CN⁻

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22
Q

Hydrocyanic acid

A

HCN (weak)

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23
Q

Name all seven strong acids

A

Nitric, Hydrocloric, Hydrobromic, Hydroiodic, Surlfuric

Chloric, Perchloric

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24
Q

Name (formulas) all seven strong acids

A 
HNO₃
HCl
HBr
HI
H₂SO₄
HClO₄
HClO₃
25
Q

NaOH

A

Sodium Hydroxide (strong base)

26
Q

KOH

A

Potassium Hydroxide (strong base)

27
Q

LiOH

A

Lithium Hydroxide (strong base)

28
Q

RbOH

A

Rubinium Hydroxide (strong base)

29
Q

CsOH

A

Cesium Hydroxide (strong base)

30
Q

Ca(OH)₂

A

Calcium Hydroxide (strong base)

31
Q

Sr(OH)₂

A

Strontium Hydroxide (strong base)

32
Q

Ba(OH)₂

A

Barium Hydroxide (strong base)

33
Q

NH₃

A

Ammonia (weak base)

34
Q

CH₃NH₂

A

Methylamine (weak base)

35
Q

C₅H₅N

A

Pyridine (weak base)

36
Q

NH₄OH

A

Ammonium Hydroxide (weak base)

37
Q

Name the 8 strong bases

A 
NaOH -Sodium Hydroxide
KOH - Potassium
LiOH - Lithium
RbOH -RubiniumCsOH - Cesium
Ca(OH)₂ -Calcium
Sr(OH)₂ - Strontium
Ba(OH)₂ - Barium
38
Q

2 significant figures = how many places behind decimal for pH?

A

2

39
Q

antilog x

A

10^x

40
Q

pH to concentration

A

enter negative of pH (i.e., if pH is 2, enter -2) then 10^x key, then sci key

41
Q

lower pKa =

A

stronger acid

42
Q

lower pH =

A

more acidic

43
Q

higher pH =

A

more basic /alkaline

44
Q

higher concentration of H₃O =

A

acidic

45
Q

will a salt from a strong acid and strong base hydrolyze?

A

No

46
Q

what kind of salts will hydrolyze in water

A

strong acid/weak base
weak acid/strong base
sometimes weak and weak, depends on the strength of the acid or base

47
Q

NH₃ is a what?

A

weak base

48
Q

NH₄+ is a what?

A

polyatomic ion

49
Q

ammonia

A

NH₃

50
Q

ammonium

A

NH₄+

51
Q

a salt from a strong acid/weak base will produce what kind of solution? Acidic or Basic?

A

Acidic

52
Q

When a weak acid and strong base produce a salt and it’s hydrolyzed in water, will the solution be basic or acidic?

A

basic solution

53
Q

Can a buffer be created by a strong acid?

A

No

54
Q

what two species are present in a buffer solution

A

a weak acid and it’s conjugate base (entered into solution as a salt)

55
Q

if the ratio of weak acid to conjugate base is 1 to 1 in a buffer then the pH of the buffer is what?

A

equal to the pKa of the buffer solution.

56
Q

if the ratio of a buffer solution is not 1 to 1 (not equal, what is the formula used? (henderson-hasselbalch)

A

pH = pKa (of acid) + log of [A-]/[HA]

57
Q

1 equivalent = ?

A

1 mole of ions

58
Q

1 mole of Ca ++ ions = how many equivalents?

A

2 equivalents.

Chemistry (12 decks)

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