Acids and Bases

Question 1

What measurement do we use to see how acidic or alkaline a substance is?

Answer 1

pH scale

Question 2

What is the pH of an acid?

Answer 2

pH1-6

Question 3

What is the pH of an alkali?

Answer 3

pH8-14

Question 4

What name is given to a substance that changes colour depending on how acid or alkaline a substance is?

Answer 4

Indicator

Question 5

How do you describe a substance with pH7?

Answer 5

Neutral

Question 6

Name three acids

Answer 6

Hydrochloric, nitric, sulphuric

Question 7

Name an alkali

Answer 7

Sodium hydroxide

Question 8

Name two neutral substances

Answer 8

Water, salty water

Question 9

Why are concentrated acids and alkalis hazardous?

Answer 9

They are corrosive

Question 10

Why are dilute acids and alkalis hazardous?

Answer 10

They are irritants

Question 11

What safety precautions should you make when using acids and alkalis

Answer 11

Wear goggles, wear gloves

Question 12

When acids dissolve in water, what ions do they release?

Answer 12

Hydrogen ions, H+

Question 13

When alkalis dissolve in water, what ions do they release?

Answer 13

Hydroxide ions, OH-

Question 14

What is a base?

Answer 14

A substance that reacts with an acid in a neutralisation reaction

Question 15

What is an alkali?

Answer 15

A soluble base, eg sodium hydroxide

Question 16

What happens to the H+ and OH- ions from the acid and base during neutralisation?

Answer 16

H+ + OH- –> H2O