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Chemistry 🧪 DONT USE > Acids and Bases (5) > Flashcards

Acids and Bases (5) Flashcards

(87 cards)

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1
Q

what colour does red litmus paper turn in neutral

A

red

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2
Q

what colour does red litmus paper turn in acid?

A

red

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3
Q

what colour does red litmus paper turn in alkali

A

blue

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4
Q

what colour does blue litmus paper turn in acid?

A

red

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5
Q

what colour does blue litmus paper turn in neutral

A

blue

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6
Q

what colour does blue litmus paper turn in alkali?

A

blue

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7
Q

what colour does PHENOLPHTHALEIN turn in aCid

A

Colourless

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8
Q

what colour does PHENOLPHTHALEIN turn in neutral

A

colourless

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9
Q

what colour does PHENOLPHTHALEIN turn in alKali

A

pinK

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10
Q

what colour does methyl orange turn in acid

A

red

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11
Q

what colour does methyl orange turn in neutral

A

orange

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12
Q

what colour does methyl orange turn in alkali

A

yellow

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13
Q

what colour does hydrochloric acid turn when using the universal indicator? What is it’s PH

A

Red
1-2

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14
Q

what colour does calcium hydroxide turn when using the universal indicator? What is it’s PH

A

blue
9-10

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15
Q

what colour does sodium carbonate turn when using the universal indicator? What is it’s PH

A

purple
>11

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16
Q

what colour does ethanoic acid turn when using the universal indicator? What is it’s PH

A

orange
3-4

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17
Q

what colour does tap water turn when using the universal indicator? What is it’s PH

A

green
7

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18
Q

what colour does citric acid turn when using the universal indicator? What is it’s PH

A

orange
3-4

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19
Q

what colour does sodium hydroxide turn when using the universal indicator? What is it’s PH

A

purple
>11

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20
Q

what colour does ammonia solution turn when using the universal indicator? What is it’s PH

A

blue
9-10

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21
Q

what colour does sodium hydrogen carbonate turn when using the universal indicator? What is it’s PH

A

blue
9-10

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22
Q

what colour does sulphuric acid turn when using the universal indicator? What is it’s PH

A

red
1-2

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23
Q

Definition of an acid

A

acids dissolve in water to produce hydrogen ions
(H²(Aq))

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24
Q

what is the chemical formula for sulfuric acid

A

H2SO4

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25
what is the chemical formula for hydrochloric acid
HCl
26
what is the chemical formula for nitric acid
HNo3
27
definition of a base
a metal oxide or hydroxide which reacts with an acid to produce a salt and water only
28
what is the general equation for bases
acid + base -> salt + water
29
what do acids produce when they dissolve in water
H*(aq) ions
30
what does the strength of an acid depend on
the number of hydrogen ions dissolved in water
31
a strong acid is _______ ionised in water. What do all HCl molecules break down to produce?
completely H+ +. Cl-
32
a weak acid is _______ ionised in water If there are 100 molecules, how many will break down?
partially one
33
what do alkalis dissolve in water to produce
OH(aq) ions
34
what does the strength of an alkali depend on
the number of hydroxide ions dissolved in water
35
a strong ALKALI is ________ ionised in water
completely
36
a weak ALKALI is ________ ionised in water
partially
37
a concentrated solution will contain a _____ number of particles dissolved per unit volume
large
38
a dilute solution contains a _____ number of particles dissolved per unit volume
small
39
what is neutralisation
the reaction between and acid and alkali producing a salt and water
40
word equation for neutralisation
acid + alkali -> salt + water
41
what type of ions do all acids contain
H+ ions - hydrogen ions
42
what type of ions do all alkalis contain
OH- ions - hydroxide ions
43
what happened when acids and alkalis react?
the hydrogen and hydroxide ions form water
44
ionic equation for neutralisation
H+ + OH-(aq) --> H2O(l)
45
what salt does sulfuric acid form
sulfates
46
what salt does hydrochloric acid form
chlorides
47
what salt does nitric acid form
nitrates
48
general word equation for metals reacting with acid
metal + acid --> salt + hydrogen
49
what's the test for hydrogen what is the symbol equation for it
lighted splint burns with a pop 2H² + O² --> 2H²O
50
what observations are observed when Mg reacts with H2SO4
- fast reaction - heat given out - bubbles of gas formed - magnesium disappears - colourless solution formed
51
what observations are observed when Mg reacts with HCl
- fast reaction - heat given out - bubbles of gas formed - magnesium disappears - colourless solution formed
52
what observations are observed when Zn reacts with H2SO4
- slow reaction - few bubbles - heat given out
53
what observations are observed when Zn reacts with HCl
- slow reaction - few bubbles - heat given out
54
what observations are observed when Cu reacts with H2SO4
No reaction
55
what observations are observed when Cu reacts with HCl
No reaction
56
word equation + symbol equation for magnesium and sulfuric acid
magnesium + sulfuric acid -> magnesium sulfate + hydrogen Mg + H2SO4 -> MgSO4 + H2
57
word equation + symbol equation for magnesium and hydrochloric acid
magnesium + hydrochloric acid --> magnesium chloride + hydrogen Mg + HCl --> MgCl2 + H2
58
word equation + symbol equation for zinc and sulfuric acid
zinc + sulfuric acid --> zinc sulfate + hydrogen Zn + H2SO4 --> ZnSO4 + H2
59
word equation + symbol equation for zinc and hydrochloric acid
Zinc + hydrochloric acid --> zinc chloride + hydrogen Zn + HCl --> ZnCl2 + H2
60
general equation for metal and acid
metal + acid --> salt + hydrogen
61
what colour is Copper (II) Oxide
Black solid
62
what colour is Magnesium Oxide
White solid
63
observations when H2SO4 reacts with copper (II) oxide
- black solid disappears - BLUE solution forms
64
observations when H2SO4 reacts with magnesium oxide
- white solid disappears - COLOURLESS solution forms
65
observations when HCl reacts with copper (II) oxide
- black solid disappears - GREEN solution forms
66
observations when HCl reacts with magnesium oxide
- white solid disappears - COLOURLESS solution forms
67
observations when HNO3 reacts with copper (II) oxide
- black solid dissappears - blue solution forms
68
observations when HNO3 reacts with magnesium oxide
- white solid disappears - colourless solution forms
69
word and symbol equation for copper (II) oxide and sulfuric acid
copper (II) oxide + sulfuric acid --> copper sulfate + water CuO + H2SO4 --> CuSO4 + H2O
70
word and symbol equation for copper (II) oxide and hydrochloric acid
copper (II) oxide + hydrochloric acid --> copper chloride + water CuO + 2HCl --> CuCl2 + H2O
71
word and symbol equation for copper (II) oxide and nitric acid
copper (II) oxide + nitric acid --> Copper nitrate + water CuO + 2HNO3 --> Cu(NO3)2 + H2O
72
what does a concentrated solution contain (how many particles dissolved)
a large number of particles dissolved per unit volume
73
what does a dilute solution contain (how many particles dissolved)
a small number of particles dissolved per unit volume (more water particles)
74
what type of ions do all acids contain
hydrogen ions
75
what type of ions do all alkalis contain
hydroxide ions
76
what is the ionic equation for neutralisation
H+ **+** OH- **-->** H2O(l)
77
what is neutralisation
when acids and alkalis react, the hydrogen and hydroxide ions form water
78
what salt is formed from sulfuric acid
sulfates
79
what salt is formed from hydrochloric acid
chlorides
80
what salt is formed from nitric acid
nitrates
81
general equation for metals reacting with acid
metal + acid --> salt + hydrogen
82
what are the results when you react acids with metal carbonates and hydrogen carbonates
solid disappears bubble of gas observed gas formed turned limewater from colourless to milky therefore CO2 was produced
83
example of a word and symbol equation when you react acids with metal carbonates and hydrogen carbonates (copper (II) carbonate + sulfuric acid)
copper (II) carbonate + sulfuric acid --> copper (II) sulfate + water +carbon dioxide CuCO3 + H2SO4 --> CUSO4 + H2O + CO2
84
what is observed when CuCO3 + H2SO4 --> CUSO4 + H2O + CO2
green solid disappers colourless solution turns blue EFFERVESCENE/fizzing/bubbling gas formed limewater = colourless to milky when gas is bubbled through
85
general equation for acid and alkali reacting
acid + alkali --> salt + water
86
what type of base is an alkali
soluble base
87

Chemistry 🧪 DONT USE (7 decks)

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