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Chemistry 🧪 > Acids and Bases (5) > Flashcards

Acids and Bases (5) Flashcards

1
Q

what colour does red litmus paper turn in neutral

A

red

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2
Q

what colour does red litmus paper turn in acid?

A

red

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3
Q

what colour does red litmus paper turn in alkali

A

blue

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4
Q

what colour does blue litmus paper turn in acid?

A

red

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5
Q

what colour does blue litmus paper turn in neutral

A

blue

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6
Q

what colour does blue litmus paper turn in alkali?

A

blue

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7
Q

what colour does PHENOLPHTHALEIN turn in aCid

A

Colourless

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8
Q

what colour does PHENOLPHTHALEIN turn in neutral

A

colourless

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9
Q

what colour does PHENOLPHTHALEIN turn in alKali

A

pinK

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10
Q

what colour does methyl orange turn in acid

A

red

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11
Q

what colour does methyl orange turn in neutral

A

orange

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12
Q

what colour does methyl orange turn in alkali

A

yellow

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13
Q

what colour does hydrochloric acid turn when using the universal indicator? What is it’s PH

A

Red
1-2

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14
Q

what colour does calcium hydroxide turn when using the universal indicator? What is it’s PH

A

blue
9-10

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15
Q

what colour does sodium carbonate turn when using the universal indicator? What is it’s PH

A

purple
>11

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16
Q

what colour does ethanoic acid turn when using the universal indicator? What is it’s PH

A

orange
3-4

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17
Q

what colour does tap water turn when using the universal indicator? What is it’s PH

A

green
7

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18
Q

what colour does citric acid turn when using the universal indicator? What is it’s PH

A

orange
3-4

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19
Q

what colour does sodium hydroxide turn when using the universal indicator? What is it’s PH

A

purple
>11

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20
Q

what colour does ammonia solution turn when using the universal indicator? What is it’s PH

A

blue
9-10

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21
Q

what colour does sodium hydrogen carbonate turn when using the universal indicator? What is it’s PH

A

blue
9-10

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22
Q

what colour does sulphuric acid turn when using the universal indicator? What is it’s PH

A

red
1-2

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23
Q

Definition of an acid

A

acids dissolve in water to produce hydrogen ions
(H²(Aq))

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24
Q

what is the chemical formula for sulfuric acid

A

H2SO4

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25
Q

what is the chemical formula for hydrochloric acid

A

HCl

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26
Q

what is the chemical formula for nitric acid

A

HNo3

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27
Q

definition of a base

A

a metal oxide or hydroxide which reacts with an acid to produce a salt and water only

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28
Q

what is the general equation for bases

A

acid + base -> salt + water

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29
Q

what do acids produce when they dissolve in water

A

H*(aq) ions

30
Q

what does the strength of an acid depend on

A

the number of hydrogen ions dissolved in water

31
Q

a strong acid is _______ ionised in water.

What do all HCl molecules break down to produce?

A

completely

H+ +. Cl-

32
Q

a weak acid is _______ ionised in water

If there are 100 molecules, how many will break down?

A

partially

one

33
Q

what do alkalis dissolve in water to produce

A

OH(aq) ions

34
Q

what does the strength of an alkali depend on

A

the number of hydroxide ions dissolved in water

35
Q

a strong ALKALI is ________ ionised in water

A

completely

36
Q

a weak ALKALI is ________ ionised in water

37
Q

a concentrated solution will contain a _____ number of particles dissolved per unit volume

38
Q

a dilute solution contains a _____ number of particles dissolved per unit volume

39
Q

what is neutralisation

A

the reaction between and acid and alkali producing a salt and water

40
Q

word equation for neutralisation

A

acid + alkali -> salt + water

41
Q

what type of ions do all acids contain

A

H+ ions - hydrogen ions

42
Q

what type of ions do all alkalis contain

A

OH- ions - hydroxide ions

43
Q

what happened when acids and alkalis react?

A

the hydrogen and hydroxide ions form water

44
Q

ionic equation for neutralisation

A

H+ + OH-(aq) –> H2O(l)

45
Q

what salt does sulfuric acid form

46
Q

what salt does hydrochloric acid form

47
Q

what salt does nitric acid form

48
Q

general word equation for metals reacting with acid

A

metal + acid –> salt + hydrogen

49
Q

what’s the test for hydrogen
what is the symbol equation for it

A

lighted splint burns with a pop
2H² + O² –> 2H²O

50
Q

what observations are observed when Mg reacts with H2SO4

A
  • fast reaction
  • heat given out
  • bubbles of gas formed
  • magnesium disappears
  • colourless solution formed
51
Q

what observations are observed when Mg reacts with HCl

A
  • fast reaction
  • heat given out
  • bubbles of gas formed
  • magnesium disappears
  • colourless solution formed
52
Q

what observations are observed when Zn reacts with H2SO4

A
  • slow reaction
  • few bubbles
  • heat given out
53
Q

what observations are observed when Zn reacts with HCl

A
  • slow reaction
  • few bubbles
  • heat given out
54
Q

what observations are observed when Cu reacts with H2SO4

A

No reaction

55
Q

what observations are observed when Cu reacts with HCl

A

No reaction

56
Q

word equation + symbol equation for magnesium and sulfuric acid

A

magnesium + sulfuric acid -> magnesium sulfate + hydrogen

Mg + H2SO4 -> MgSO4 + H2

57
Q

word equation + symbol equation for magnesium and hydrochloric acid

A

magnesium + hydrochloric acid –> magnesium chloride + hydrogen

Mg + HCl –> MgCl2 + H2

58
Q

word equation + symbol equation for zinc and sulfuric acid

A

zinc + sulfuric acid –> zinc sulfate + hydrogen

Zn + H2SO4 –> ZnSO4 + H2

59
Q

word equation + symbol equation for zinc and hydrochloric acid

A

Zinc + hydrochloric acid –> zinc chloride + hydrogen

Zn + HCl –> ZnCl2 + H2

60
Q

general equation for metal and acid

A

metal + acid –> salt + hydrogen

61
Q

what colour is Copper (II) Oxide

A

Black solid

62
Q

what colour is Magnesium Oxide

A

White solid

63
Q

observations when H2SO4 reacts with copper (II) oxide

A
  • black solid disappears
  • BLUE solution forms
64
Q

observations when H2SO4 reacts with magnesium oxide

A
  • white solid disappears
  • COLOURLESS solution forms
65
Q

observations when HCl reacts with copper (II) oxide

A
  • black solid disappears
  • GREEN solution forms
66
Q

observations when HCl reacts with magnesium oxide

A
  • white solid disappears
  • COLOURLESS solution forms
67
Q

observations when HNO3 reacts with copper (II) oxide

A
  • black solid dissappears
  • blue solution forms
68
Q

observations when HNO3 reacts with magnesium oxide

A
  • white solid disappears
  • colourless solution forms
69
Q

word and symbol equation for copper (II) oxide and sulfuric acid

A

copper (II) oxide + sulfuric acid –> copper sulfate + water

CuO + H2SO4 –> CuSO4 + H2O

70
Q

word and symbol equation for copper (II) oxide and hydrochloric acid

A

copper (II) oxide + hydrochloric acid
–> copper chloride + water

CuO + 2HCl –> CuCl2 + H2O

71
Q

word and symbol equation for copper (II) oxide and nitric acid

A

copper (II) oxide + nitric acid –> Copper nitrate + water

CuO + 2HNO3 –> Cu(NO3)2 + H2O

Chemistry 🧪 (5 decks)

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