Acids And Bases Flashcards
What is a Brønsted-Lowry base?
Proton (H+) acceptor
What is a Brønsted-Lowry acid
Proton (H+) donor
HCl
What is a Lewis acid?
Electron pair acceptor
NH3
What is a Lewis base?
Electron pair donor
Cu2+
Are all Brønsted-Lowry acids Lewis acids?
Yes
Lewis acids do not have proton transfer
Litmus in acid and alkali
Acid - pink
Alkali-blue
Methyl orange color in acid and base
Acid-red
Alkali-yellow
Phenolphthalein colour in acids and alkali
Acid-colourless
Alkali-pink
What is a base?
Substance that accepts H+
Metal oxides/hydroxides
Ammonia
Soluble carbonates/ hydrogen carbonates
What is an alkali ?
Alkalis form OH- ions
Acid + metal –>
Acid + metal –> salt + hydrogen
Acid + base –>
Acid + vase –> salt + water
Neutralization reaction
Acid + carbonate –>
Acid + carbonate –> salt + water + carbon dioxide
How to distinguish between strong and weak acids and bases
3 ways
Electrical conductivity
Strong high
Rate of reaction
pH
Weak acids
Ethanoic (organic)
Carbonic (H2CO3)
Phosphoric (H3PO4)
Strong acids
Hydrochloric
Nitric (HNO3)
Sulfuric
Strong bases
Li/Na/K/Ba hydroxide
Weak acids
Ammonia
Ethylamine