Acids and Bases

Question 1

Define Arrhenius acid/base

Answer 1

Acid dissociates in water to form H+

Base dissociates in water to form OH-

Question 2

Define Brønsted-Lowry acid/base

Answer 2

Acid donates H+

Base accepts H+

Question 3

Define Lewis acid/base

Answer 3

Acid = e- pair acceptor
Base = e- pair donor

Question 4

-log shortcut calculation

Answer 4

-log(n x 10^-m) = (m-1).(10-n)

Question 5

What can we consider a weak acid/base?

Answer 5

Ka or Kb of < 1

Question 6

What is “equivalent weight”?

Answer 6

The gram weight of compound that produces one mole of charge

Question 7

What’s the purpose of titration

Answer 7

To determine the conc of a known reactant in solution

Question 8

What is the equivalence point?

Answer 8

When # equivalents acid = # equivalents base

Question 9

Equivalence equation

Answer 9

NaVa = NbVb

Question 10

What’s the point of color change of an indicator?

Answer 10

The end point

Question 11

How does the end point differ from equivalence point?

Answer 11

Ideally, the end point is as close as possible to the equivalence point

Question 12

In what pH range would the equivalence point be for

1) Strong acid + weak base
2) Strong base + weak acid

Answer 12

1) < 7

2) > 7

Question 13

What’s the H-H equation?

Answer 13

pH = pKa + log [conjugate base] / [weak acid]