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Chemistry 1 > Acids and bases > Flashcards

Acids and bases Flashcards

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1
Q

HCl

A

strong acid, hydrochloric acid

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2
Q

HBr

A

strong acid, hydrobromic acid

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3
Q

HI

A

strong acid, hydroiodic acid

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4
Q

HNO3

A

strong acid, nitric acid

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5
Q

HClO4

A

strong acid, perchloric acid

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6
Q

H2SO4

A

strong acid, sulfuric acid

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7
Q

LiOH

A

strong base, lithium hydroxide

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8
Q

NaOH

A

strong base, sodium hydroxide

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9
Q

KOH

A

strong base, potassium hydroxide

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10
Q

Ca(OH)2

A

strong base, calcium hydroxide

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11
Q

Ba(OH)2

A

strong base, barium hydroxide

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12
Q

Sr(OH)2

A

strong base, strontium hydroxide

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13
Q

CH3COOH

A

weak acid, acetic acid

weak base: CH2COO-

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14
Q

NH3

A

weak base, ammonia

weak acid: NH4 +

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15
Q

H2CO3

A

weak acid, carbonic acid
weak base: CO3 2-
gas forming reactions

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16
Q

H2C2O4

A

weak acid, oxalic acid

weak base: C2O4 2-

17
Q

H2SO3

A

weak acid, sulfurous acid
weak base: SO3 2-
gas forming reactions

18
Q

H2S

A

weak acid, hydrogen sulfide

weak base: S 2-

19
Q

H3PO4

A

weak acid, phosphoric acid

weak base: PO4 3-

20
Q

HCN

A

weak acid, hydrogen cyanide
weak base: CN-
(killed Lewis)

21
Q

HF

A

weak acid, hydrofluoric acid

weak base: F-

22
Q

HNO2

A

weak acid, nitrous acid

weak base: NO2-

23
Q

HClO

A

weak acid, hypochlorous acid

weak base: ClO-

24
Q

relate pH and [H+]

A

pH = -log([H+])

25
Q

relate [OH-] and [H+]

A

[OH-] [H+] = 10^(-14)

26
Q

strong acid/base (definition)

A

an acid/base that disassociates completely in an aqueous solution

27
Q

acid (definition)

A

a chemical that donates H+ (Bronsted-Lowry acid) and/or accepts electrons (Lewis acid)

28
Q

Lewis acid (definition)

A

a chemical that is an electron pair acceptor (when bonding, think about Lewis structure)
ex: BF3

29
Q

Lewis base (definition)

A

a chemical that is an electron pair donor (when bonding, think about Lewis structure)

30
Q

Bronsted-Lowry acid (definition)

A

a chemical that donates a H+

ex: HCl

31
Q

Bronsted-Lowry base (definition)

A

a chemical that accepts H+

ex: KOH

32
Q

litmus paper

A

red: acid
blue: base

33
Q

buffer solution (definition)

A

an aqueous solution of a weak conjugate acid-base pair; resists a change in pH when acid or base is added in small enough quantities

34
Q

weak acid/base (definition)

A

an acid/base that does not disassociate completely in an aqueous solution

35
Q

electrolyte

A

a solute that produces ions in solution

36
Q

strong vs weak electrolyte

A

a strong electrolyte disassociates completely into ions (salts, strong acids/bases), a weak electrolyte only partially disassociates (weak acids/bases)

Chemistry 1 (5 decks)

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