Acids and bases Flashcards
acid solution contain?
H+
acid + metal —>
salt + hydrogen(gas)
give an exaple of an acid + metal chemical equation
HCl + Mg —> MgCl2 + H2
acid + oxide –>
salt + water
give an example of an acid + oxide chemical equation
HCl + MgO –> MgCl2 + H2O
acid + carbonate —>
salt + water + carbon dioxide (gas)
give an example of an acid + carbonate chemical equation
HCl + MgCO3 —> MgCl2 + H2O + CO2
give the word equation for Neutralisation
acid + alkali —> salt + water
give chemical equation for Neutralisation
HCl + NaOH —> NaCl + H2O
H+ (aq) + OH- (aq) —>
à H2O (l)
litmus paper in acid
red
litmus paper in alkali
blue
methyl orange in acid
red
methyl orange in alkali
yellow
Thymolphthalein in acid
colouless
Thymolphthalein in alkali
blue
universal indicator does what?
shows both the
relative acidity/alkalinity and the hydrogen ion concentration.
from 8-13 on the universal indicator scale the BLANK ions are doing what ?
the OH- ions are increasing
from 6-1 on the universal indicator scale the BLANK ions are doing what ?
H+ ions are increasing
Alkalis are ——- —–?
soluble bases
Metal hydroxides that do what in water and why?
they dissolve because they are alkalis
name two solid bases
metal oxides and metal hydroxides
solutions of alkali contain what?
OH-
Base + ammonium salt –>
salt + water + ammonia (gas)
chemical equation for Base + ammonium salt
Ca(OH)2 + NH4Cl —-> CaCl2 +
2H2O + 2NH3
Non-metal oxides are?
acidic
e.g. of a non-metal oxide
SO2 and CO2
Metal oxides are?
basic
e.g. of metal oxides
CuO and CaO
